中国皮划艇激流回旋队专项典型技术分析及其评价研究
发布时间：2018-07-22 21:25
【摘要】：兴起于欧洲国家的奥运项目皮划艇激流回旋,到如今在我国开展经历了十六年的这项竞技体育项目正逐渐被大众认识与接受。本文跟队调查国家激流队备战里约奥运周期的技术训练与常规训练,文章通过试验测试法、文献资料法、专家访谈等研究方法,目的是为了总结我国皮划艇激流回旋专项技术结构要素以及探索项目专项技术分类,同时总结出该项目专项典型技术训练体系与评价方法。为我国皮划艇激流回旋理论发展添砖加瓦,为我国该项目发展提出些许建议,为推动我国皮划艇激流回旋运动的进一步发展提供可借鉴依据。本文研究结果为:(一)在我国起步较晚的皮划艇激流回旋运动,正集大众之力量备战里约奥运会,皮划艇激流回旋国家队的进一步提高还需体育人共同不懈的努力。就训练技术而言目前激流队冬训延续体能提高为主,夏训以体能与专项技术训练为主的训练原则。(二)皮划艇激流回旋由船桨、水门杆、船艇、运动员、水流等五大技术要素构成,激流回旋项目可变因素主要在于水流和水门两个技术构成要素上,激流回旋项目的专项技术主要需应对该项目可变的技术基本构成要素。其中赛道由漫流、堰流、绕流、跌砍流四种典型水流下形成的“D”、“I”、“J”、“W”、“V”、“O”六中水流形态组成,在此激流中运动员要根据水流实际特点过浪、压浪、利用水流、选择合适下桨位置、出桨距离与频率等,形成激流回旋专项技术和典型水门技术。(三)根据皮划艇激流回旋专项技术结构要素,可将皮划艇激流回旋技术分为基本划船技术5大类20小类,应对水门技术3大类8小类,应对激流赛道水流技术3大类等。(四)皮划艇激流回旋专项典型技术,逆水门技术、顺水门技术和两门折转技术的训练,揉合于国家激流队专项技术训练体系之中。包括静水中的有门技术训练和无门技术训练;激流中的有门分段与全程技术训练、专门性水门技术训练以及无门竞速训练;陆上表象训练等。(五)理论发展阶段的激流专项典型技术评价,文章对其采用了一般评价法中定性评价与定量评价相结合。其中主要为全程或分段绩评、运动员静水测试评价,结合教练员定性技术评价包括船艇运动表现评价和水流利用评价。
[Abstract]:Kayaking, an Olympic event rising in Europe, is now being recognized and accepted by the public after 16 years of running in our country. This paper follows the team to investigate the technical training and routine training of the National Torrent team in preparation for the Rio Olympic Games. The purpose of this paper is to summarize the structural elements of the kayak jet gyroscope in China and to explore the classification of the special technology of the project, and to sum up the training system and evaluation method of the project. It can be used as a reference for the development of the kayak torsion theory in our country, and some suggestions for the development of this project in our country, as well as for the further development of the kayak torsion motion in our country. The results of this paper are as follows: (1) the kayak rapids, which started late in our country, are gathering mass strength to prepare for the Rio Olympic Games, and the further improvement of kayak rapids roundabout national team still needs the joint unremitting efforts of the sportsmen. As far as training technique is concerned, the training principle of training in summer is based on physical ability and special technical training. (2) the kayak jet swing is composed of five technical elements, such as the paddle, the watergate pole, the boat, the athlete and the water flow, and the variable factors of the rapids gyroscope are mainly the two technical components of the water flow and the water gate. The special technology of the torrent project needs to deal with the basic components of the variable technology of the project. The track consists of "D", "I", "J", "W", "V" and "O" in four typical flows, namely, overflowing, Weir flow, circumferential flow and falling and chopping flow, which are formed in the form of "D", "I", "J", "W", "V" and "O". In this rapids, athletes should use the current to choose the proper position, distance and frequency of the paddle according to the actual characteristics of the current, to form the special technology of jet current gyroscope and the typical water gate technology, using the water flow to choose the appropriate position of the lower oar, the distance and the frequency of the paddle, etc. (3) according to the structural elements of kayak rapids gyroscope, the kayak slalom technique can be divided into 5 categories and 20 subclasses, 3 types and 8 subclasses of watergate technology, and 3 categories of water flow technology of rapids track. (4) the training of canoeing special typical technique, reverse water gate technique, water gate technique and two twisting techniques are combined in the special technical training system of the national jet current team. It includes portal technique training in still water, gate segment training and whole process technical training in rapids, special water gate technique training and gate race training, land appearance training, etc. (5) the typical technical evaluation of jet current in the stage of theoretical development, the paper adopts the combination of qualitative evaluation and quantitative evaluation in the general evaluation method. It mainly includes the whole process or segmental performance evaluation, athletes' static water test evaluation, combined with the coaches' qualitative technical evaluation, including boat performance evaluation and water flow utilization evaluation.
【学位授予单位】：武汉体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G861.4
本文编号：2138623
[Abstract]:Kayaking, an Olympic event rising in Europe, is now being recognized and accepted by the public after 16 years of running in our country. This paper follows the team to investigate the technical training and routine training of the National Torrent team in preparation for the Rio Olympic Games. The purpose of this paper is to summarize the structural elements of the kayak jet gyroscope in China and to explore the classification of the special technology of the project, and to sum up the training system and evaluation method of the project. It can be used as a reference for the development of the kayak torsion theory in our country, and some suggestions for the development of this project in our country, as well as for the further development of the kayak torsion motion in our country. The results of this paper are as follows: (1) the kayak rapids, which started late in our country, are gathering mass strength to prepare for the Rio Olympic Games, and the further improvement of kayak rapids roundabout national team still needs the joint unremitting efforts of the sportsmen. As far as training technique is concerned, the training principle of training in summer is based on physical ability and special technical training. (2) the kayak jet swing is composed of five technical elements, such as the paddle, the watergate pole, the boat, the athlete and the water flow, and the variable factors of the rapids gyroscope are mainly the two technical components of the water flow and the water gate. The special technology of the torrent project needs to deal with the basic components of the variable technology of the project. The track consists of "D", "I", "J", "W", "V" and "O" in four typical flows, namely, overflowing, Weir flow, circumferential flow and falling and chopping flow, which are formed in the form of "D", "I", "J", "W", "V" and "O". In this rapids, athletes should use the current to choose the proper position, distance and frequency of the paddle according to the actual characteristics of the current, to form the special technology of jet current gyroscope and the typical water gate technology, using the water flow to choose the appropriate position of the lower oar, the distance and the frequency of the paddle, etc. (3) according to the structural elements of kayak rapids gyroscope, the kayak slalom technique can be divided into 5 categories and 20 subclasses, 3 types and 8 subclasses of watergate technology, and 3 categories of water flow technology of rapids track. (4) the training of canoeing special typical technique, reverse water gate technique, water gate technique and two twisting techniques are combined in the special technical training system of the national jet current team. It includes portal technique training in still water, gate segment training and whole process technical training in rapids, special water gate technique training and gate race training, land appearance training, etc. (5) the typical technical evaluation of jet current in the stage of theoretical development, the paper adopts the combination of qualitative evaluation and quantitative evaluation in the general evaluation method. It mainly includes the whole process or segmental performance evaluation, athletes' static water test evaluation, combined with the coaches' qualitative technical evaluation, including boat performance evaluation and water flow utilization evaluation.
【学位授予单位】：武汉体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G861.4
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