太原市U-17男子篮球运动员非智力因素特点及影响因素研究

发布时间：2018-08-01 13:33

【摘要】：非智力因素是智慧活动的动力调节系统,属于心理学范畴。由于人的心理活动包括非智力因素和智力因素两大系列,所以,在对运动员进行心理训练可划分为智力因素训练和非智力因素训练两部分。从非智力因素角度看,在训练场或赛场上由于非智力因素方面的发展不足,许多运动员不能充分发挥出自己的竞技水平或惨遭失败;相反,如果自身非智力因素发展优良,运动员就可以超水平发挥出竞技水平。由此可见,非智力因素对于运动员在训练及比赛中竞技能力的发挥有着密切的关系。本文旨在通过对太原市U-17男子篮球运动员非智力因素调查,寻找出太原市U-17男子篮球运动员的非智力因素的特点,以及对其的影响因素,对太原市篮球教练员的日常训练提供可靠的依据,并针对具体情况做出相应的对策。本文的意义在于面对篮球运动日益发展的今天,我们更应充分认识到篮球运动员非智力因素与智力因素和谐发展的紧迫性与重要性,立足青少年,齐抓共管,着实解决太原市青少年篮球运动员的非智力因素问题,努力培养出更多优秀的篮球运动员,因此本文具有极大的现实意义。在通过文献资料法、问卷调查法、心理测量法、专家访谈法、数理统计法和逻辑分析法的研究后,对太原市U-17青少年男子篮球运动员的非智力因素进行对比分析研究。通过研究发现:1.太原市U-17运动员比U-15运动员在情绪稳定性和注意稳定性里得分更高,年龄更大的运动员非智力因素更好;2.在除了运动坚持性这个维度里,训练时间越长,非智力因素越高,总体来说,非智力因素是跟着训练时间的增加而逐渐发展的;3.太原市U-17男子篮球运动员中初高中学历之间对比,非智力因素差异不明显;4.太原市不同位置青少年运动员的非智力因素还是有一定差异的,后卫球员非智力因素要高于前锋和中锋,而前锋和中锋球员非智力因素差异不明显;5.在太原市U-17男子篮球队伍中,主力比替补有更好的运动自信心,且由于运动成绩较好更容易有较高的成就动机,因此可以说明非智力因素更加能促进运动员达到较高的运动水平;6.U-17年龄段里的二级以上运动员比二级以下运动员在成就动机和情绪稳定性的维度里得分更高;7.在太原市U-17男子篮球运动员中农村球员和城市球员非智力因素有一定差异,由于农村球员运动焦虑得分更高,但农村球员情绪稳定性更好;8.通过因子分析的方法,从23项影响青少年篮球运动员非智力的因素里提取出五个主要因子,他们分别是,社会家庭因素、教练员因素、运动员因素、运动队因素和训练因素。其中社会家庭因素起着决定作用,教练员因素有主导作用,运动员因素则对其本身的非智力发展起着能动作用,运动队因素有促进和制约的功能,而训练因素则是直接影响着青少年非智力因素的发展。最后给出建议,在遵循培养青少年竞技运动员非智力因素的原则下,注意并加强对运动员的选拔与培养,对具有不同非智力因素特征的运动员进行不同程度、不同方式的针对性心理训练和引导,同时教练员要注意发展运动员的竞技能力与其竞技能力相适应的非智力因素。
[Abstract]:The non intelligence factor is the dynamic regulation system of intellectual activity, which belongs to the category of psychology. As the human psychological activities include two series of non intellectual and intellectual factors, the psychological training of athletes can be divided into two parts: intelligence factor training and non intellectual factor training. On the field, because of the insufficient development of non intellectual factors, many athletes can not give full play to their competitive level or defeat. On the contrary, if their own non intelligence factors develop well, the athletes can play the competitive level in super level. Thus, the non intelligence factors can be used in the athletic ability of the athletes in training and competition. The purpose of this paper is to find out the non intellectual factors of the U-17 men's basketball players in the city of Taiyuan, and to find out the characteristics of the non intelligence factors of the U-17 men basketball players in Taiyuan and the factors affecting them, and provide a reliable basis for the daily training of the basketball coaches in Taiyuan, and make a contrast to the specific circumstances. The significance of this article is that in the face of the growing development of basketball, we should fully realize the urgency and importance of the harmonious development of the non intellectual and intellectual factors of the basketball players, based on the youth, and pay attention to the problem of the non intellectual factors of the young basketball players in Taiyuan and try to cultivate them. More excellent basketball players, therefore, this article has great practical significance. In the study of the non intelligence factors of the U-17 young men basketball players in Taiyuan after the study of literature, questionnaire, psychological measurement, expert interview, mathematical statistics and logical analysis, the author has studied the non intelligence factors of the young men's basketball players in the city of Taiyuan. 1 The Taiyuan U-17 athletes scored higher than the U-15 athletes in emotional stability and attention stability, and the older athletes had better non intelligence factors. 2. in addition to the exercise persistence dimension, the longer the training time was, the higher the non intelligence factors, and overall, the non intellectual factors were gradually developed with the increase of training time; 3. Taiyuan U-17 men's basketball players in the middle and early middle and high school education contrast, the difference of non intelligence factors is not obvious; 4. the non intelligence factors of young athletes in different places in Taiyuan are still different, the non intelligence factors of the defender are higher than the forward and center, while the difference of the non intelligence factors between the forward and the center front players is not obvious; 5. in Taiyuan In the city U-17 men's basketball team, the main force is more confident than the substitute, and it is easier to have higher achievement motivation because of better athletic performance. Therefore, it can be explained that the non intelligence factors can promote the athletes to reach a higher level of sport. The achievement motivation of the two level athletes in the 6.U-17 age paragraph is more than that of the lower two. There is a higher score in the dimension of emotional stability; 7. in the U-17 men's basketball players in Taiyuan, there are certain differences in the non intellectual factors between the rural players and the city players, because the scores of rural players' Sports anxiety are higher, but the emotional stability of the rural players is better. 8. through the method of factor analysis, the 23 factors affect the non intelligence of the young basketball players. Five main factors are extracted from the factors of force. They are social family factor, coach factor, athlete factor, sports team factor and training factor. The social family factor plays a decisive role, the coach factor plays a leading role, and the athlete factor plays an active role in its own non intellectual development and the sports team factors. It has the function of promoting and restricting, and the training factor is directly affecting the development of the non intelligence factors of young people. Finally, it gives some suggestions. In accordance with the principle of training the non intelligence factors of young athletes, we should pay attention to and strengthen the selection and training of the athletes, and carry out different degrees to the athletes with different non intelligence factors. Different ways of targeted psychological training and guidance, and coaches should pay attention to the development of athletes'competitive ability and its non-intellectual factors.
【学位授予单位】：云南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G841

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