北京市体育运动学校青少年运动员文化教育现状的研究

发布时间：2018-08-12 10:26

【摘要】：改革开放以来,中国竞技体育取得的成绩是值得肯定的,特别是北京奥运会的成功举办,更加稳固了中国在国际体坛的地位。随着我国综合实力的增强和经济的发展,直接参与竞技体育的运动员出现了一系列的问题,如退役运动员就业形式严峻等,给竞技体育的可持续发展带来了严重的影响。国家已经制定了相关的政策和措施,以提高运动员的文化教育,在这些承担着培训优秀运动员的体育运动学校中,文化教育的开展工作,仍然存在一些问题。体育运动学校是培养国家一级运动员的基地,大部分的奥运冠军都来自体育运动学校,搞好体育运动学校的文化教育,不仅对运动员退役以后的就业有很大的帮助,更对竞技体育的可持续发展有重要影响。本文主要采用问卷调查法、文献资料法、数据统计法、专家访谈法,总结北京市五所体育运动学校(首都体育学院附属竞技体育学校、先农坛体育运动学校、什刹海体育运动学校、芦城体育运动学校、木樨园体育运动学校)现状的基础上,对影响运动员文化教育的客观因素和主观因素进行分析研究,调查表明,体育运动学校存在的主要问题有：1.运动员的文化基础普遍偏低,对文化课学习的积极性不高2.教练员队伍中,本科学历的大部分是第二学历,含金量不高,高职称的比例较低,教练员岗位培训情况很不乐观3.相关领导仍然把运动员参加比赛,力求获得金牌,为校争光,放在首位。4.文化课设置不太合理5.北京市体育运动学校的教育经费来源比较单一,教学时,设备使用率比较低6.北京市体育运动学校学习气氛不是很好7.体校中影响文化课教师教学态度的因素较多,教师教学没有积极性8.教练员在制定训练计划时,还是会以训练为主。通过本研究,旨在找出影响青少年文化教育发展的因素,为体育运动学校未来的发展方向做出展望。最后根据教育学、心理学,结合我国的政策方针,按照国家体育总局对体育运动学校办学的指导方针,在征求专家意见的基础上提出以下对策：1.各级政府和部门应积极加强“提高运动员文化教育”的执行力度2.健全文化教师奖励制度,提高文化教师的待遇。加强教练员的课外培训,完善教练员考核制度3.根据学生身心发展规律,合理的设置文化课程4.建立赛前文化课测试体系5.各个体校应根据自身的学校特点,打造一定的校园文化,营造一个良好的学习环境6.注重文化课老师和学生感情的培养。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, the achievements of Chinese competitive sports are worthy of recognition, especially the successful holding of the Beijing Olympic Games, which has strengthened China's position in the international sports world. With the strengthening of our country's comprehensive strength and the development of economy, there are a series of problems for the athletes who take part in competitive sports directly, such as the severe employment form of retired athletes, which has brought serious influence to the sustainable development of competitive sports. The state has formulated relevant policies and measures to improve the cultural education of athletes. In these sports schools which are responsible for training outstanding athletes, there are still some problems in the development of cultural education. Sports schools are a base for training national first-level athletes. Most Olympic champions come from sports schools. Doing a good job of cultural education in sports schools is not only of great help to the employment of athletes after their retirement. The sustainable development of competitive sports has an important impact. This paper summarizes five sports schools in Beijing (affiliated competitive sports school of Capital Institute of physical Education, Xiannongtan Sports School) by means of questionnaire, literature, data statistics and expert interview. On the basis of the present situation of Shichahai Sports School, Lucheng Sports School and Muxiyuan Sports School, the objective and subjective factors affecting athletes' cultural education are analyzed and studied. The investigation shows that, The main problem in sports schools is 1: 1. Athletes' cultural foundation is generally low, and the enthusiasm for learning cultural courses is not high 2. 5%. Among the coaches, the majority of the undergraduate degree is the second degree, the amount of gold is not high, the proportion of high title is low, and the training situation of coaches is not optimistic. 3. Relevant leaders still put athletes in the competition, strive to win the gold medal, for the school, put the first. 4. Cultural curriculum is not quite reasonable 5. The education fund source of Beijing sports school is relatively single, when teaching, the utilization rate of equipment is relatively low 6. 5%. Beijing sports school study atmosphere is not very good 7. There are many factors that affect the teaching attitude of culture teachers in sports schools, and teachers have no enthusiasm in teaching. Coaches in the formulation of training plans, or training will be given priority. The purpose of this study is to find out the factors that affect the development of youth culture and education, and to make a prospect for the future development of sports schools. Finally, according to pedagogy, psychology and the policy of our country, according to the guidelines of the State Sports Administration on the running of sports schools, this paper puts forward the following countermeasures: 1: 1 on the basis of soliciting the opinions of experts. Governments and departments at all levels should actively strengthen the implementation of "improving athletes' culture and education" 2. We will improve the reward system for cultural teachers and improve the treatment of cultural teachers. Strengthen the extracurricular training of coaches, improve the evaluation system of coaches 3. According to the law of students' physical and mental development, the reasonable setting of cultural curriculum 4. Set up the test system of pre-competition culture course. Every sports school should build a certain campus culture according to its own school characteristics and create a good learning environment. Pay attention to culture teachers and students emotional training.
【学位授予单位】：首都体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G807

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