日本剑道流变研究
发布时间：2018-09-13 13:29
【摘要】：日本剑道、中国剑术都是东方传统文化的代表,都是根植于两国传统文化基础上逐渐发展起来的传统体育项目。随着全球化的不断深入,日本剑道与中国剑术皆面临着文化全球化的冲击与影响,但发展现状迥异,日本剑道在新时期成功转型,而中国剑术的发展处于相对迟缓时期,对于中国剑术而言日本剑道的流变经验是值得思考的。本研究采用文献资料法、专家访谈法与逻辑分析法等研究方法,通过对国内外文献资料的收集、梳理及分析,从古代、近代及三个不同的历史阶段系统梳理日本剑道的流变历史,阐述不同阶段日本剑道流变的特点;在此基础上,立足中国剑术的现状,在总结与反思日本剑道流变经验的基础上,探讨其对中国剑术发展的启示,推动中国剑术在新时期更好的传承与发展,为其它传统体育项目的发展也有一定的参考价值。通过研究,得到如下几方面结论:1、在古代,剑道是随着社会生产力的发展而产生的,随着社会、军事战争的需要及武士社会的产生而不断发展,随着战争的爆发、平息等剑道不断进行改进;竹刀与护具的出现,官民并举的教育模式促进了剑道的普及,剑道的文化功能日益凸显。2、在近代,击剑会演出推动着剑道开始从“生死之术”转向“生计之术”,击剑、柔术等的发展推动着剑道从“实用之术”发展为“体育之术”;武德会制定的“柔术形”、“剑术形’,实现了剑道技术上的转型,而体操教授要目中接受剑道的内容,官方正式确认“剑道”这一概念,标志着日本剑道完成了“从术至道”的转变。3、在现代,二战后日本政府淡化剑道的军事功能,发掘剑道的教育价值,推动剑道的体育化发展;经济泡沫、西方体育文化的冲击导致剑道发展一度衰落,“金牌至上”的思想导致剑道发展脱离了教育本质。但日本政府及民间团体不遗余力推动剑道发展,在坚守民族性的基础上加强创新,虽然发展遇到困难但仍保持了其独特的魅力。4、对于中国剑术而言,要顺应时代发展需求、顺应大众对剑术练习的技击要求,加大对剑术教学的改革,要改变以往剑术教学重形式、轻技击的不足,研究加入两两对抗性剑术运动;同时,要通过塑造文化、精神层面的内涵来塑造中国剑术的“灵魂”,通过普及教育促进剑术这一传统体育形式与当今社会接轨。5、剑术发展要打练结合形成完整体系,凸显剑术“技击”的本质;要完善自己的形式与礼节,借助剑术礼仪来发挥其育人价值,让学生学到剑术之外终身受益的精神文化;此外要以提升人的修养为目标,打造成培养人全面发展的有效途径。
[Abstract]:Japanese kendo, Chinese fencing is the representative of oriental traditional culture, is rooted in the traditional culture of the two countries on the basis of the gradual development of traditional sports. With the deepening of globalization, both Japanese kendo and Chinese fencing are facing the impact and influence of cultural globalization, but the present situation is very different. The Japanese kendo has successfully transformed in the new period, while the development of Chinese fencing is relatively slow. For Chinese fencing, it is worth thinking about the changing experience of Japanese kendo. This study adopts the methods of literature, expert interview and logic analysis, through the collection, combing and analysis of domestic and foreign literature, from ancient times, Modern times and three different historical stages systematically combing the evolution history of Japanese kendo, expounding the characteristics of Japanese kendo rheology in different stages, on this basis, based on the current situation of Chinese fencing, on the basis of summing up and reflecting on the Japanese kendo rheological experience. This paper probes into its enlightenment to the development of Chinese swordsmanship, and promotes the better inheritance and development of Chinese swordsmanship in the new period, which also has certain reference value for the development of other traditional sports. In ancient times, Kendo was produced with the development of social productive forces, with the development of society, with the need of military war and with the emergence of samurai society, with the outbreak of war. With the emergence of bamboo knives and protective gear, the education model of government and people promoted the popularization of kendo, and the cultural function of kendo became more and more prominent. In modern times, Fencing performances helped to change the kendo from "the art of life and death" to "the art of livelihood". The development of fencing and judo promoted the development of kendo from "practical art" to "sports skill". The technical transformation of kendo has been achieved, and gymnastics professors have accepted the content of kendo in their eyes, and the official recognition of the concept of "kendo" marks the completion of the transformation of Japanese kendo from skill to Taoism, which is in modern times. After World War II, the Japanese government downplayed the military function of kendo, excavated the educational value of kendo, and promoted the sports development of kendo, and the economic bubble and the impact of western sports culture led to the decline of the development of kendo. The thought of "gold medal first" led to the development of kendo divorced from the essence of education. However, the Japanese government and civil society have spared no effort to promote the development of kendo and strengthen innovation on the basis of adhering to the national character. Although the development has encountered difficulties, it has maintained its unique charm. For Chinese fencing, it is necessary to adapt to the development needs of the times. In order to meet the demands of the public on fencing practice, and to reform the teaching of fencing, we should change the previous form of fencing teaching and neglect the shortcomings of fencing, study and join the pairwise adversarial fencing movement, and at the same time, we should create a culture. The connotation of spiritual level to shape the "soul" of Chinese swordsmanship, through the popularization of education to promote swordsmanship as a traditional form of sports with the current society. 5, the development of swordsmanship should be combined to form a complete system, highlighting the essence of fencing "fighting"; We should perfect our own form and etiquette, bring into play its educational value with the help of fencing etiquette, and let students learn the spiritual culture of lifelong benefit beyond fencing; in addition, we should aim at improving people's accomplishment and make it an effective way to train people to develop in an all-round way.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G853.13
本文编号：2241310
[Abstract]:Japanese kendo, Chinese fencing is the representative of oriental traditional culture, is rooted in the traditional culture of the two countries on the basis of the gradual development of traditional sports. With the deepening of globalization, both Japanese kendo and Chinese fencing are facing the impact and influence of cultural globalization, but the present situation is very different. The Japanese kendo has successfully transformed in the new period, while the development of Chinese fencing is relatively slow. For Chinese fencing, it is worth thinking about the changing experience of Japanese kendo. This study adopts the methods of literature, expert interview and logic analysis, through the collection, combing and analysis of domestic and foreign literature, from ancient times, Modern times and three different historical stages systematically combing the evolution history of Japanese kendo, expounding the characteristics of Japanese kendo rheology in different stages, on this basis, based on the current situation of Chinese fencing, on the basis of summing up and reflecting on the Japanese kendo rheological experience. This paper probes into its enlightenment to the development of Chinese swordsmanship, and promotes the better inheritance and development of Chinese swordsmanship in the new period, which also has certain reference value for the development of other traditional sports. In ancient times, Kendo was produced with the development of social productive forces, with the development of society, with the need of military war and with the emergence of samurai society, with the outbreak of war. With the emergence of bamboo knives and protective gear, the education model of government and people promoted the popularization of kendo, and the cultural function of kendo became more and more prominent. In modern times, Fencing performances helped to change the kendo from "the art of life and death" to "the art of livelihood". The development of fencing and judo promoted the development of kendo from "practical art" to "sports skill". The technical transformation of kendo has been achieved, and gymnastics professors have accepted the content of kendo in their eyes, and the official recognition of the concept of "kendo" marks the completion of the transformation of Japanese kendo from skill to Taoism, which is in modern times. After World War II, the Japanese government downplayed the military function of kendo, excavated the educational value of kendo, and promoted the sports development of kendo, and the economic bubble and the impact of western sports culture led to the decline of the development of kendo. The thought of "gold medal first" led to the development of kendo divorced from the essence of education. However, the Japanese government and civil society have spared no effort to promote the development of kendo and strengthen innovation on the basis of adhering to the national character. Although the development has encountered difficulties, it has maintained its unique charm. For Chinese fencing, it is necessary to adapt to the development needs of the times. In order to meet the demands of the public on fencing practice, and to reform the teaching of fencing, we should change the previous form of fencing teaching and neglect the shortcomings of fencing, study and join the pairwise adversarial fencing movement, and at the same time, we should create a culture. The connotation of spiritual level to shape the "soul" of Chinese swordsmanship, through the popularization of education to promote swordsmanship as a traditional form of sports with the current society. 5, the development of swordsmanship should be combined to form a complete system, highlighting the essence of fencing "fighting"; We should perfect our own form and etiquette, bring into play its educational value with the help of fencing etiquette, and let students learn the spiritual culture of lifelong benefit beyond fencing; in addition, we should aim at improving people's accomplishment and make it an effective way to train people to develop in an all-round way.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G853.13
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