非对称性训练对下肢力量和平衡能力影响的实验研究

发布时间：2018-09-18 20:04

【摘要】：近年来,人体下肢力量薄弱及不平衡对人们日常生活、基本动作技能、运动训练及运动损伤康复等方面的影响受到了越来越多国内外学者的关注,他们指出,任何一项技术动作的顺利完成都需要两侧肢体的共同参与和协调配合,尤其是下肢的协调性与平衡性。当今世界体坛中,运动员和教练员对下肢弱侧训练的重视程度越来越高,因为它在一定程度上可以改善运动员的下肢力量及肢体的平衡能力,并对运动员运动成绩的提高和运动损伤的预防有着积极的作用。本文通过文献资料法、数理统计法和实验法对本校体育教育专业15名学生进行为期8周的实验研究,把实验对象分成实验Ⅰ组(单一弱侧腿)、实验II组(双腿训练侧重弱侧)和对照组(无干预组),进行8周的专门训练,实验前后分别对下肢最大力量,爆发力和平衡能力进行测试,实验仪器主要采用FMS测试仪器和footscan足底压力平板等。实验结论如下:1.非对称性训练对于受测试者的下肢爆发力的增长具有一定的效果,在左右侧增长的幅度上,实验Ⅰ组的增长幅度最大,分别达到了36.5%和34.6%,实验Ⅱ组的增长速度次之,分别为12.5%和21.2%,对照组增长幅度最低,分别为5.6%和8.4%。2.非对称性训练对于受测试者的最大力量的增长具有一定的效果,在左右侧增长的幅度上,实验Ⅰ组的增长幅度最大,分别增长了34.7%和32.9%,实验Ⅱ组增长的幅度次之,分别增长了28.5%和19.3%,对照组的增长幅度最小,分别增长了3.3%和4.9%。3.非对称性训练对于受测试者的平衡能力的改善具有显著的效果,其中实验Ⅰ组在得分方面普遍能够提升70%左右,而实验Ⅱ组能够达到60%左右,对照组则15%左右,有的甚至出现停留在原来的水平上。
[Abstract]:In recent years, more and more scholars at home and abroad have paid more and more attention to the influence of weak and unbalanced lower extremity strength on people's daily life, basic motor skills, sports training and rehabilitation of sports injuries. The smooth completion of any technical action requires the joint participation and coordination of both limbs, especially the coordination and balance of the lower limbs. In the world of sports nowadays, athletes and coaches pay more and more attention to the weak side training of the lower extremities, because it can improve the strength of the lower limbs and the balance ability of the limbs to a certain extent. It also plays a positive role in the improvement of athletes'sports performance and the prevention of sports injuries. In this paper, 15 students majoring in physical education in our university were studied by literature, mathematical statistics and experiment for 8 weeks. The subjects were divided into experimental group 鈪，

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