我国竞技乒乓球后备人才培养现状及分析研究

发布时间：2018-10-09 09:43

【摘要】：竞技体育事业是我国体育事业的龙头,而乒乓球又是我国竞技体育的典型优势项目,并长期雄踞世界乒坛。一个项目的长盛不衰必定有其内在的原因,而后备人才的选拔与补给则是一个项目发展的根本保障。近年来对乒乓球后备人才的研究越来越多,但多集中在年龄结构、打法类型、运动成绩、基地软硬件实力上,而较少的研究运动员的运动动机、体能训练和文化学习。对后备人才的多维度研究能为乒乓球运动员的科学选材提供依据。本文通过文献资料法,问卷调查法,数理统计法,逻辑分析法,针对我国48个后备人才基地的运动员,进行了年龄结构,运动动机,技战术训练困境,体能训练和文化学习的多维度研究。并将48个后备人才基地按经济和地域要素划分为东、中、西三个部分,以模块的方式对我国后备人才的选拔机制和发展困境进行分析。通过研究,得出以下结论:1.我国乒乓球后备人才年龄结构基本符合后备人才的递进规律,但各区域间有所差异。东部男子、中部男子、中部女子均呈金字塔型结构,为最优化结构;东部女子和西部男子的年龄结构层次则呈现出倒“U”型结构,符合后备人才的递进规律;西部女子表现出较为明显的断层现象,存在较大问题。2竞技能力培养方面,后备人才参与乒乓球训练和比赛的动机水平状态较好。技战术方面主要面临基本功差、体能不足和理论知识匮乏等问题。体能训练方面主要面临训练计划针对性不足和运动员训练积极性不高等问题。在训练满意度上,对教练和队友的满意度较高,但对运动组织的满意度相对较低。3.后备人才多元化发展成为必然,文化素质、理论水平、跨行知识的需求明显。应积极构建多元化学习平台,促进运动员的综合素质全面提升。4.后备人才多元化发展成为必然,文化素质、理论水平、跨行知识的需求明显。应积极构建多元化学习平台,促进运动员的综合素质全面提升。
[Abstract]:Competitive sports is the leading sport of our country, and table tennis is a typical advantage of competitive sports in our country, and has long occupied the world table tennis. The long-term prosperity of a project must have its internal reasons, and the selection and supply of reserve talents is the fundamental guarantee for the development of a project. In recent years, there are more and more researches on the reserve talents of table tennis, but most of them focus on the age structure, the type of play, the results of sports, the strength of hardware and software of the base, but less on the athletes' sports motivation, physical training and cultural learning. The multi-dimensional research on the reserve talents can provide the basis for the scientific selection of table tennis players. Through the methods of literature, questionnaire, mathematical statistics and logic analysis, this paper aims at the age structure, sports motivation, technical and tactical training dilemma of the athletes in 48 reserve talent bases in China. A multi-dimensional study of physical fitness training and cultural learning. According to the economic and regional factors, 48 reserve talent bases are divided into three parts: east, middle and west. The selection mechanism and development dilemma of China's reserve talents are analyzed in the form of modules. Through research, the following conclusion is drawn: 1. The age structure of table tennis reserve talents in China basically accords with the progressive law of reserve talents, but there are some differences among different regions. The eastern men and the central women are pyramid structure, which is the optimum structure, and the eastern women and the western men have the inverted "U" structure, which accords with the progressive law of the reserve talents. The western women showed obvious fault phenomenon, and there were big problems in the cultivation of competitive ability, and the motivation level of the reserve talents to participate in the table tennis training and competition was better. Technical and tactical aspects are mainly faced with basic skills, physical insufficiency and lack of theoretical knowledge and other problems. In the aspect of physical training, the training plan is insufficient and the athletes' enthusiasm is not high. In terms of training satisfaction, the satisfaction of coaches and teammates is higher, but the satisfaction of sports organizations is relatively low. 3. The diversified development of reserve talents becomes inevitable, cultural quality, theoretical level, cross-bank knowledge demand is obvious. We should actively build a diversified learning platform to promote the comprehensive quality of athletes. The diversified development of reserve talents becomes inevitable, cultural quality, theoretical level, cross-bank knowledge demand is obvious. We should actively build a diversified learning platform to promote the comprehensive quality of athletes.
【学位授予单位】：北京体育大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G846

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