世界优秀女子网球运动员在不同类型场地得失分特征分析

发布时间：2018-11-09 11:21

【摘要】：网球场地根据材质的不同分为草地、硬地和红土三种类型。不同类型的场地对于运动员的技术运用和比赛时的得失分都不同的影响。在当今的网坛,随着训练手段和训练设施的不断完善,比赛中对女子网球运动员的技术要求在逐步提高,如何合理利用三种类型场地的特点,发挥自己的技术特点,获得比赛的胜利就显得尤为重要。本文采用文献资料法、录像观察法和数理统计法对世界优秀女子网球运动员在2013年-2015年3年期间的24场四大满贯比赛进行总结和分析,对运动员在草地、硬地和红土三种类型场地上的各个阶段的得失分的数据进行整理,分析出其得分和相对应的技术运用的特征。结论:1.世界优秀女子网球运动员在三种不同类型的场地上的发球局中主要得分和失分阶段是发球阶段,在接发球局中得主要得分阶段和失分阶段为接发球阶段;发球的落点区域方面差异不大,第一发球的落点集中在内角和外角,第二发球的落点集中在发球有效区域的中间。2世界女子优秀网球运动员在发球阶段和接发球阶段方面,草地场地的得分率和失分率在三种不同类型场地中最高,其次为硬地场地,最低的为红土场地。草地类型场地在中场和网前区域的得失分率高于硬地场地和红土场地;红土类型场地在底线区域得失分率高于硬地和草地场地。3.世界优秀女子网球运动员在三种不同类型场地上的前四拍,草地场地的和硬地场地的击球结束率要高于红土场地;第八拍之前,三种类型场地的击球击球结束频率相似;第八拍之后,击球的结束率则是红土场地最高,其次为硬地场地和草地场地。4.世界优秀女子网球运动员的打法主要分为底线进攻型和底线防御型,进攻型运动员在发球、接发球和相持阶段的得失分率高于底线防御型的运动员,而底线防御型运动员的得失分区域对比进攻型运动员更加集中于底线区域。5.底线进攻型运动员在草地和硬地在网前和中场的得失分以及前四拍的结束率高于防御型运动员,而防御型运动员的主要得失分更加集中在底线区域,第八拍之后的结束率高于进攻型运动员。
[Abstract]:Tennis court is divided into three types according to different materials: grass, hard ground and red earth. Different types of venues have different effects on athletes' technical application and points. In today's tennis world, with the continuous improvement of training means and training facilities, the technical requirements of women tennis players are gradually raised in the competition. How to make rational use of the characteristics of the three types of venues and give play to their own technical characteristics, It is especially important to win the game. In this paper, the authors summarize and analyze the 24 Grand Slam competitions of the world's elite women tennis players in the three years from 2013 to 2015 by using the methods of literature, video observation and mathematical statistics, and analyze the athletes in the meadow. The data of the gains and losses of each stage on the hard soil and the red soil are sorted out, and the characteristics of the score and the corresponding technical application are analyzed. Conclusion: 1. The main stage of scoring and losing in the serve of three different types of the world's elite women tennis players is the serve stage, and in the receiver's serve, the winner's scoring and losing stages are the receiving and serving stages. There is little difference in the area where the serve falls. The first serve falls at the inner corner and the outer corner, and the second serves at the middle of the effective serving area. 2 the world's elite women tennis players play in the serve and receive the ball. The scoring rate and the loss rate of grassland were the highest among the three different types of sites, followed by the hard ground and the red soil. The rate of gain and loss of grassland field in midfield and net area is higher than that of hard soil field and laterite site, and the gain and loss rate of red soil field is higher than that of hard field and grassland field. For the top four shots of the world's elite women tennis players on three different types of court, the end rate of hitting in the grass field and the hard field is higher than that in the clay field, and before the eighth shot, the end frequency of the three types of court is similar. After the eighth shot, the finishing rate of the batting was the highest in the clay field, followed by the hard field and grass field. 4. 4. The playing methods of the world's elite women tennis players are mainly divided into the bottom line attack type and the bottom line defense type. The score and loss rate of the offensive athletes in the service, receiving and holding stages is higher than that of the bottom line defense type. And the bottom line defense type athlete's gain and loss division contrast attack type athlete to concentrate in the bottom line area 5. 5. The bottom line offensive athletes' scores in the grass and hard ground in front of the net and in the midfield and the ending rate of the first four shots were higher than those of the defensive type athletes, while the main gains and losses of the defensive type athletes were more concentrated in the bottom line area. The finish rate after the eighth shot was higher than the offensive player.
【学位授予单位】：宁波大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G845

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