优秀女子7人制橄榄球运动员比赛负荷特征研究

发布时间：2018-11-13 11:31

【摘要】：本文以安徽省女子橄榄球12名运动员为研究对象,通过分析比赛中运动员跑动距离、比赛中心率、比赛后血乳酸、赛后次日晨血清肌酸激酶,研究女子7人制橄榄球运动员比赛负荷特征,为女子7人制橄榄球训练提供参考依据。采用澳大利亚GPS-SPORTS和德国EKF lactate scout血乳酸仪分别监控2016年女子7人制橄榄球锦标赛成都站小组预赛、半决赛和3、4名决赛共4场比赛比赛中跑动距离、心率以及血乳酸,采用日立7100全自动生化分析仪测试比赛后12小时肌酸激酶,并对测试结果进行统计分析,得出以下主要结论:1,女子7人制橄榄球运动员比赛中场均跑动距离为1485.8m,与国外优秀选手相比,没有明显差异;中低速度区间活动距离比例、工作休息比显著高于国外优秀选手;在高速跑和冲刺跑区间,平均跑动距离与国外优秀选手相比差距显著。反映出我国女子橄榄球运动员运动能力较低以及我国7人制橄榄球比赛强度、比赛水平较低。2,女子7人制橄榄球比赛中负荷较大,74.2%以上的时间心率在80%HRmax以上,这与比赛水平和比赛对手有关,但不能决定比赛输赢的因素。而90%HRmax以上最大强度时间比例低于国外优秀选手水平。下半场高强度区间时间比例高于上半场;后锋与前锋在高强度区间分布时间存在显著差异,后锋承担较高的心率负荷。3,女子7人制橄榄球比赛后血乳酸水平可达12mmol/L,比赛以乳酸供能为主,赛后锋乳酸水平大于前锋,存在显著差异,在实战中要根据代谢特征区别对待训练。4,比赛后12小时肌酸激酶水平和比赛前相比增加4倍以上,与比赛中高速度的跑动和身体对抗有关,同时反映出橄榄球比赛的激烈程度。5,女子7人制橄榄球体能需求不同于其他橄榄球项目,在训练时要增加反映整体的跑动需求,增大高强度心率区间,提高工作休息的比率。
[Abstract]:In this paper, 12 women rugby players in Anhui Province were studied. The running distance, heart rate, blood lactic acid and creatine kinase in the next morning were analyzed. To study the characteristics of female 7-player rugby players and provide reference for women 7-player rugby training. The Australian GPS-SPORTS and German EKF lactate scout Blood-lactic Acid instrument were used to monitor the running distance, heart rate and blood lactic acid in four games of the 2016 Women's Seven-player Rugby Championships in Chengdu, the semifinals and the 34-member finals. Creatine kinase was tested 12 hours after the match by Hitachi 7100 automatic biochemical analyzer, and the results were statistically analyzed. The main conclusions were as follows: 1. The running distance in midfield of female 7-player rugby players was 1485.8 m. Compared with foreign excellent players, there is no obvious difference; The ratio of activity distance and work rest ratio between middle and low speed interval is significantly higher than that of foreign excellent athletes, and the average running distance is significantly lower than that of foreign excellent athletes in the high speed running and sprint running interval. The result shows that the female rugby players in our country have low sports ability and the intensity of 7-player rugby matches is low, the level of match is low, the load of women's seven-player rugby matches is large, and the heart rate of more than 74.2% of the time is above 80%HRmax. It depends on the level of the match and the opponent, but it doesn't determine the winning or losing factor. And 90%HRmax above the maximum intensity of time ratio is lower than the level of foreign excellent players. The ratio of high intensity interval time in the second half was higher than that in the first half. There was a significant difference in the distribution time between the rear forward and the forward in the high intensity range. 3. The level of blood lactic acid was 12 mmol / L after the women's 7-player rugby game, and the main energy supply was lactic acid. After the match, the level of lactic acid in the front was higher than that of the forward, and there was a significant difference. In the actual combat, the training should be treated differently according to the metabolic characteristics. 4. The level of creatine kinase increased more than 4 times at 12 hours after the match compared with before the match. It is related to the high speed running and physical confrontation in the game, and also reflects the intensity of the football match. 5. 5. The physical requirements of women's 7-player rugby are different from other rugby events, and they should increase the running demand to reflect the whole in training Increase the range of high intensity heart rate and increase the ratio of work rest.
【学位授予单位】：北京体育大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G849.2

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