比赛情境因素对中国足球超级联赛技战术表现的影响

发布时间：2018-11-14 14:41

【摘要】：研究目的:对比赛情境因素对中国足球超级联赛技战术表现的影响进行实证研究与分析。研究方法:以2014和2015赛季中超联赛的480场比赛为研究对象,以每场比赛中的每支球队的19个技战术行为与事件的统计次数(技战术指标)为因变量,以参赛球队实力和比赛对手实力(赛季末排名1~8名为上游球队、9~16为下游球队)、比赛场地(主场和客场)以及比赛结果(胜、平、负)为自变量。采取独立样本t检验和方差分析的统计学方法,对不同比赛情境下,中超联赛球队的技战术指标的统计均值进行差异性检验。研究结果:1)上游球队在射门、射正球门两项射门相关技战术指标,控球率、传球、传球成功率、传中、被犯规、越位和角球7项进攻组织相关技战术指标均高于下游球队(P0.01),而在所有的防守相关变量中,上游球队与下游球队的技战术表现未体现出显著性差异(P介于0.359和0.882);2)相对于面对下游球队,当面对上游球队时,参赛队伍完成更少的射门、射正球门、传球、传中和角球(P0.001),实现更低的控球率和传球成功率(P0.001),但完成更多的抢断、犯规、黄牌和红牌(P介于0.001和0.019);3)主场球队在射门、射正球门、控球率、传球、传球成功率、传中、被犯规、角球和头球成功率9项技战术指标均高于客场球队(P0.01),同时,主场球队在犯规和黄牌两项指标上低于客场球队(P0.005);4)区分获胜、战平和失利球队比赛技战术表现特征的指标包括:射门(F_(2,957)=20.099,P0.001,η_(p2)=0.040)、射正球门(F_(2,957)=79.113,P0.001,η_(p2)=0.142)、射正率(F_(2,957)=51.026,P0.001,η_(p2)=0.096)、控球率(F_(2,957)=4.181,P=0.016,η_(p2)=0.009)、传球(F_(2,957)=5.107,P=0.006,η_(p2)=0.011)、传球成功率(F_(2,957)=8.713,P0.001,η_(p2)=0.018)、直塞(F_(2,957)=8.762,P0.001,η_(p2)=0.018)、越位(F_(2,957)=6.658,P=0.001,η_(p2)=0.014)和红牌(F_(2,957)=16.486,P0.001,η_(p2)=0.033)。结论:数据统计的结果证实了足球运动队的比赛技战术表现在不同的比赛情境因素影响之下体现出不同的特征。足球相关从业人员在足球比赛和训练实践中应该纳入比赛情境因素的影响。
[Abstract]:Objective: to make an empirical study and analysis on the influence of the situation factors on the technical and tactical performance of the Chinese Premier League. Methods: a total of 480matches in 2014 and 2015 seasons in the Super League were used as the research objects, and the statistical times of 19 technical and tactical behaviors and events (technical and tactical indicators) of each team in each match were taken as dependent variables. Take the team strength and the match opponent strength (the end of the season ranked 1 / 8 for the upstream team, 9 / 16 for the downstream team), the match ground (home and away) and the match result (win, draw, negative) as the independent variable. The statistical methods of independent sample t-test and ANOVA were used to test the statistical mean of the technical and tactical indexes of the Chinese Super League teams in different match situations. The results are as follows: 1) the upstream team is shooting, shooting goal two shooting related technical and tactical indicators, ball control rate, pass success rate, cross, was fouled, Offside and corner kick seven offensive organization related technical and tactical indexes were higher than the downstream team (P0.01), but in all the defense-related variables, There was no significant difference between upstream team and downstream team (P = 0.359 and 0.882). 2) when facing the downstream team, when facing the upstream team, the participating teams completed fewer shots, shot the main goal, passed the ball, passed the ball and corner kick (P0.001), and achieved lower ball control rate and pass success rate (P0.001). But more steals, fouls, yellow cards and red cards (P between 0.001 and 0.019); 3) the home team's nine technical and tactical indexes are higher than the away team (P0.01) in shooting, forward goal, possession rate, pass success rate, cross, foul, corner kick and header success rate (P0.01), at the same time, Home team in foul and yellow card two indicators lower than the away team (P0.005); 4) the technical and tactical characteristics of winning, drawing and losing teams include: shooting (F _ (2957) = 20.099n P 0.001, 畏 _ (p2) = 0.040), shooting goal (F _ (2957) = 79.113g P 0.001), 畏 _ (p2) = 0.142, positive shooting rate (F _ (2957) = 51.026p 0.001, 畏 _ (p2) = 0.096), ball control rate (F _ (2957) = 4.181p _ (0.016), 畏 _ (p2) = 0.009), passing (F _ (2957) = 5.107), P0. 006, 畏 _ (p2) = 0.011, pass success rate (F2957 = 8.713P0.001, 畏 _ (p2) = 0.018), straight plug (F2957 = 8.762 P0.001, 畏 _ (p2) = 0.018), Offside (F _ (2957) = 6.658p ~ (2) = 0.001, 畏 _ (p2) = 0.014) and red card (F _ (2957) = 16.486p _ (0.001), 畏 _ (p _ 2) = 0.033). Conclusion: the result of statistics proves that the football team's technical and tactical performance shows different characteristics under the influence of different match situation factors. Football related practitioners should include the influence of match situation factors in football match and training practice.
【作者单位】：华南理工大学体育学院;华南师范大学体育科学学院;
【分类号】：G843

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