基于BMI分类的大学生体质健康状况及其主要影响变量研究

发布时间：2018-11-25 13:27

【摘要】：本研究基于山西省某高校大二学生体质测试数据为样本,从身体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)参照我国大学生体质健康标准的具体范围,分别将男女生分为轻体重组(low weight)、正常体重组(normal weight)、超重组(over weight)及肥胖组(obesity)四类。在分类基础上分别对男女学生体质健康状况的十余项具体指标进行了自组织映射网络(self-organization map,SOM)的聚类分析、可视化主成分分析(Principle component analysis,PCA)的主变量及影响要素研究以及各组分类下单因素方差分析的多重比较研究。研究表明:单因素方差分析揭示了男女大学生不同组别间的机能、形态、素质都存在一定的显著性差异。SOM聚类分析结果揭示了男生在不同BMI分类下各体质测试指标具有较强的变化规律;PCA分析结果揭示了男女大学生所有组别中影响BMI的主要因素受制于体重指标的影响,体重是男女生体质健康的首要影响指标,也是造成当前大二学生体质健康状态的主要解释要素,其他各组别影响要素和解释要素各不相同,具有一定的差异性,结果还显示立定跳远成绩的提高对于各组别男女生体质健康的改善具有积极效果;肺活量成绩提高对男生体质健康改善有重要作用,一分钟仰卧起坐成绩提高对于女生体质健康的改善有重要作用。建议适当加强对体重的运动干预,加强无氧代谢为主的体育活动,加强男生肺活量锻炼和女生加强一分钟仰卧起坐锻炼。通过数据分析与结果研究,为大学生进行科学有效的锻炼,学校如何加强体育课程建设,国家标准制定提供了建设性的意见。
[Abstract]:Based on the physique test data of sophomore students in a certain university in Shanxi Province, and referring to the specific range of physical health standards of college students in China, this study divided male and female students into light body reorganization (low weight), from the body mass index (body mass index,BMI). (normal weight), superrecombinant (over weight) in normal weight group and (obesity) in obese group. On the basis of classification, more than ten specific indexes of physical health status of male and female students were analyzed by cluster analysis of self-organizing mapping network (self-organization map,SOM) and visual principal component analysis (Principle component analysis,). The main variables and influencing factors of PCA) and the analysis of variance of order factors in each group are compared. The results show that the univariate ANOVA reveals the function and shape of different groups of male and female college students. The results of SOM cluster analysis revealed that boys' physique test indexes had a strong change rule under different BMI classification. The results of PCA analysis revealed that the main factors affecting BMI in all groups of male and female college students were restricted by the influence of body weight, and weight was the primary influence index of male and female students' physical health. It is also the main explanation factor of the current state of the sophomore students' physical health. The influence factors and the explanatory factors of the other groups are different and have some differences. The results also showed that the improvement of standing long jump results had a positive effect on the improvement of the physical health of male and female students in all groups. The improvement of vital capacity plays an important role in the improvement of boys' physical health, and the improvement of one-minute sit-ups is of great importance to the improvement of girls' physical health. It is suggested that we should strengthen the exercise intervention to the body weight, strengthen the physical activity dominated by anaerobic metabolism, strengthen the vital capacity exercise of boys and strengthen the one-minute sit-up exercise of girls. Through the data analysis and the result research, it provides the constructive suggestion for the university students to carry on the scientific and effective exercise, how to strengthen the physical education curriculum construction, and how to formulate the national standard.
【学位授予单位】：山西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G804.49

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