NBA比赛中抢攻战术的运用和特点研究
发布时间：2018-12-12 00:27
【摘要】：21世纪的篮球比赛正朝着身高体壮、积极快速和机敏多变的方向发展,大个子球员运用身高去抢占空间和高度、小个子球员运用速度去抢时间是现代篮球运动的特点和发展趋向。抢攻是在快攻不成功转为阵地进攻之前这个短时间,进攻方不是等全部队员落位进行阵地进攻而是在防守队员未全部到位形成集体防守之前,快速的发动个人、或2、3人之间的有计划、有目的的攻击,打对方立足未稳。随着现代篮球比赛的节奏越来越快,抢攻战术的运用也越来越多。正因为抢攻的特点符合现代篮球的发展,它被越来越多的球队所重视。本文采用文献资料法、问卷调查法、录像统计分析法等方法,通过研究NBA2014——2015赛季季后赛首轮快船队和马刺队的七场比赛以及总决赛勇士队和骑士队六场比赛中抢攻战术的运用情况,进行数据统计,根据对比赛录像和数据分析,得出以下结论:1.现代篮球运动强调运用速度去争取时间来控制主动、掌握比赛的节奏,强调加快攻守转换的速度,从而快速进攻的次数越来越多,抢攻的机会也得到了增多。2.从抢攻运用次数占总进攻比例和抢攻总得分占比赛总得分的比例都可以看出,抢攻逐渐受到各个球队的重视。3.四支球队在比赛中抢攻进攻所消耗的时间都在4—10秒之间,说明抢攻进攻速度快。抢攻在参与人数上主要以1—2人为主,既能体现球员个人技术能力的特点,也能发挥团队篮球的作用;在参与抢攻的球员位置上主要以后卫和前锋为主,中锋参与抢攻较少,主要由于抢攻进攻速度快,大个子球员运动速度普遍较慢的原因。4.抢攻发动的来源主要分为抢获后场篮板球、掷后场端线球、抢断球三个来源。抢攻在得分方式上主要以远投三分和突破上篮为主,中投和篮下强攻运用次数相对较少。5.抢攻在基础战术配合上主要以传切和突破分球为主,使用策应和掩护的次数相对较少,战术具有灵活多变和突然性的特点。抢攻的成功率都比该场比赛的总成功率高,球队队伍结构构成不同、个人进攻能力的不同、球员抢攻意识不同是影响抢攻战术运用和成败的关键因素。
[Abstract]:Basketball matches in the 21st century are developing in the direction of being tall, strong, active, quick and flexible. Big players use height to seize space and height. It is the characteristic and development trend of modern basketball to use speed to grab time. A preemptive attack is a short period of time before the fast break does not succeed in turning into a position attack. The attacking side does not wait for all the players to fall into position to attack the position, but before all the defensive players are in place to form a collective defense, they quickly launch an individual. Or 2 or 3 between the planned, purposeful attack, the other side is unstable. With the rhythm of modern basketball games faster and faster, the use of attack tactics is also more and more. Because the characteristic of attack accords with the development of modern basketball, it is paid more and more attention to by more and more teams. This paper adopts the methods of literature, questionnaire, video statistical analysis, etc. By studying the seven games of the Clippers and the Spurs in the first round of the NBA2014--2015 playoffs and the use of the grabbing tactics in the six games of the Warriors and the Cavaliers in the Finals, the statistics are carried out, and according to the video and data analysis of the game, The following conclusions are drawn: 1. Modern basketball sports emphasize the use of speed to gain time to control initiative, to master the rhythm of the game, to speed up the pace of change between attack and defense, so the number of rapid attacks is increasing, and the opportunity of preemption has also increased. 2. It can be seen from the proportion of the times of preemption to the total attack and the percentage of the total score of the attack to the total score of the match that the preemptive attack has gradually been attached importance to by each team. 3. The four teams took 4-10 seconds to attack in the game, indicating that the attack was fast. The number of participants in the attack is mainly 1-2, which can not only reflect the characteristics of the players' individual technical ability, but also play the role of team basketball. The main position of the players involved in the attack is mainly the defender and the forward, and the center is less involved in the attack, mainly because of the fast attack speed and the slow movement speed of the big players. 4. The main sources of attack are to grab the backcourt rebounds, throw the backcourt end-line ball, and steal the ball. The main scoring method of the attack was long shot three points and breakthrough layup, and the number of times the CIC and the basket strong attack was relatively small. 5. 5%. In the basic tactical cooperation, the strategy of preemption mainly consists of passing and cutting and breaking through the ball, and the times of using strategy and cover are relatively small, and the tactics are flexible and changeable and sudden. The success rate of the attack is higher than the total success rate of the match, the structure of the team is different, the individual offensive ability is different, and the player's different sense of attack is the key factor that affects the use and success of the strategy of preemptive attack.
【学位授予单位】：成都体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G841
本文编号：2373528
[Abstract]:Basketball matches in the 21st century are developing in the direction of being tall, strong, active, quick and flexible. Big players use height to seize space and height. It is the characteristic and development trend of modern basketball to use speed to grab time. A preemptive attack is a short period of time before the fast break does not succeed in turning into a position attack. The attacking side does not wait for all the players to fall into position to attack the position, but before all the defensive players are in place to form a collective defense, they quickly launch an individual. Or 2 or 3 between the planned, purposeful attack, the other side is unstable. With the rhythm of modern basketball games faster and faster, the use of attack tactics is also more and more. Because the characteristic of attack accords with the development of modern basketball, it is paid more and more attention to by more and more teams. This paper adopts the methods of literature, questionnaire, video statistical analysis, etc. By studying the seven games of the Clippers and the Spurs in the first round of the NBA2014--2015 playoffs and the use of the grabbing tactics in the six games of the Warriors and the Cavaliers in the Finals, the statistics are carried out, and according to the video and data analysis of the game, The following conclusions are drawn: 1. Modern basketball sports emphasize the use of speed to gain time to control initiative, to master the rhythm of the game, to speed up the pace of change between attack and defense, so the number of rapid attacks is increasing, and the opportunity of preemption has also increased. 2. It can be seen from the proportion of the times of preemption to the total attack and the percentage of the total score of the attack to the total score of the match that the preemptive attack has gradually been attached importance to by each team. 3. The four teams took 4-10 seconds to attack in the game, indicating that the attack was fast. The number of participants in the attack is mainly 1-2, which can not only reflect the characteristics of the players' individual technical ability, but also play the role of team basketball. The main position of the players involved in the attack is mainly the defender and the forward, and the center is less involved in the attack, mainly because of the fast attack speed and the slow movement speed of the big players. 4. The main sources of attack are to grab the backcourt rebounds, throw the backcourt end-line ball, and steal the ball. The main scoring method of the attack was long shot three points and breakthrough layup, and the number of times the CIC and the basket strong attack was relatively small. 5. 5%. In the basic tactical cooperation, the strategy of preemption mainly consists of passing and cutting and breaking through the ball, and the times of using strategy and cover are relatively small, and the tactics are flexible and changeable and sudden. The success rate of the attack is higher than the total success rate of the match, the structure of the team is different, the individual offensive ability is different, and the player's different sense of attack is the key factor that affects the use and success of the strategy of preemptive attack.
【学位授予单位】：成都体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G841
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