成就动机理论对排球发球教学效果的影响研究

发布时间：2018-12-13 09:39

【摘要】：在1999年之前,排球发球不计为失分并且每队拥有两次发球机会,因此,队伍不重视发球的质量。1999年10月28日国际排联将排球竞赛规则修订为“每球得分制”,发球成为一种造成直接或间接得分的技术,发球的好坏会对比赛的结果产生影响,因此,各支队伍开始重视发球。发球的好坏有受两方面影响,分别是技能水平和心理状态。对于初学者来说,在技术水平基本相同的情况下,心理因素成为主导发球成功率的主要因素。初学者对发球成功的期望程度从心理学角度上讲,便是对发球瞬间想要获得成功的渴望及成功时对所产生成就感的追求,即成就动机。通过对排球普修班学生进行教学时发现,学生在课堂中学习基本理论,但练习效果不佳,在技术掌握熟练程度上有待提高。学习态度较差的学生甚至出现了放弃联系的行为,这种行为对即将成为体育教师的学生来说是不可取的。因此,本文通过对照实验的方法,对学生学练正面上手发球进行研究,为了监测和衡量成就动机的水平,将结合心理学测量工具《成就倾向个体差异表》,根据学生不同的成就水平提出相应的对策,使学生的学习成绩得到提高,从而使学生的成就动机得到正向上升。同时,在实验过程中不断地总结和归纳,帮助教师建立并完善成就动机激发措施,使学生主观上提高学习的积极性,为教师执教提供理论参考。东北师范大学作为培养高素质人民体育教师的摇篮,不但要求学生在体育技能掌握和运用上精益求精,更要帮助学生树立自信心,培养学生正向的成就动机。本文以2015级体育教育专业两个班级共32人作为实验对象,任意指定一个班级作为实验班级,另一个班级作为对照班级。按照《东北师范大学体育学院教学日历》在讲授排球正面上手发球时对成就动水平进行监控,研究观察成就动机对技术的掌握与运用是否有显著性提升,并利用文献资料法,量表测量法,访谈法,数理统计法及逻辑分析法统计整理过程和测试结果,本文综述了相关文献的研究结果,并对其进行了分析和总结。研究结果显示:1实验前测结果表明,学生成就动机水平普遍偏低,发球技术极差。经过实验过程,实验班级学生成就动机水平和发球成绩明显高于对照班级,说明成就动机水平可以通过外界手段进行干预,进而影响学生的学习成绩。2在体育教学过程中,教师除了注重传授技术以外,还应该关注学生的心理水平,培养学生正向的成就动机,提升自信心使其对任务具有担当意识。3在现有的基础上发展,应该添加一些更有效的测量成就动机的指标,尝试调整到一些最初的测量项目,使可靠性和有效性得到显著的提高。
[Abstract]:Before 1999, volleyball service was not counted as a loss of points and each team had two server meetings, so teams did not attach importance to the quality of service. On 28 October 1999, the International Volleyball Federation revised the volleyball competition rules to "scoring per ball", Serve is a technique that results in direct or indirect scoring, and the quality of service will affect the result of the game. Therefore, each team begins to attach importance to serve. Serve is affected by two aspects: skill level and mental state. For beginners, under the same technical level, psychological factors are the main factors leading the success rate of serve. From the psychological point of view, the beginner's expectation of success in serve is the desire for success and the pursuit of accomplishment in the instant of serving, that is, achievement motivation. It is found that the students learn the basic theory in the classroom, but the effect of practice is not good, and the degree of technical proficiency needs to be improved. Students with poor learning attitudes even give up contact, which is undesirable for students who are about to become PE teachers. Therefore, in order to monitor and measure the level of achievement motivation, this paper, through the method of comparative experiment, studies the students' learning and practicing the positive upper hand serve. In order to monitor and measure the level of achievement motivation, we will combine the psychological measurement tool, "individual differences of Achievement disposition", in order to monitor and measure the achievement motivation. According to the students' different achievement level, the corresponding countermeasures are put forward, so that the students' academic achievement can be improved, and the students' achievement motivation will be raised. At the same time, in the course of the experiment, it can help teachers to establish and perfect the measures of motivating achievement motivation, so that students can improve their enthusiasm of learning subjectively, and provide theoretical reference for teachers' teaching. Northeast normal University, as the cradle of cultivating high quality people's physical education teachers, not only requires students to master and apply sports skills, but also helps students to set up self-confidence and cultivate students' positive achievement motivation. In this paper, 32 students in two classes of physical education of 2015 grade were chosen as experimental class and another class as control class. According to the Teaching Calendar of College of physical Education of Northeast normal University, the achievement level was monitored when teaching volleyball on the front hand, and the achievement motivation was observed to improve the mastery and application of technology, and the method of literature was used. This paper summarizes the research results of the relevant literature, and analyzes and summarizes the statistical process and test results of scale measurement, interview, mathematical statistics and logic analysis. The results show that: 1 the results of pre-test show that the students' achievement motivation is generally low and their serve skills are very poor. Through the experiment process, the achievement motivation level and the serve score of the experimental class students are obviously higher than that of the control class, which shows that the achievement motivation level can be interfered by the external means, and then affects the students' learning achievement. 2 in the process of physical education teaching, In addition to imparting skills, teachers should also pay attention to the students' psychological level, cultivate their positive motivation for achievement, and enhance their self-confidence so that they have a sense of responsibility for their tasks. 3. Some more effective indicators for measuring achievement motivation should be added to try to adjust to some of the initial measurement items so that reliability and effectiveness can be significantly improved.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G842-4

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