篮球运动对少年儿童身体素质影响的研究与分析

发布时间：2018-12-14 01:38

【摘要】：研究目的:本文从运动生理学的角度,研究和分析篮球运动对少年儿童身体素质的影响,以及对他们心理方面的改善。旨在使人们对该项运动的健身价值有较全面的理性认识,并希望篮球运动有更好的发展和更广泛普及。研究方法:论文以篮球运动为干预手段,根据少年儿童身体素质发育特点,进行了为期一个学期(12周)的少年篮球训练。从大兴区翡翠城北京小学选择25名10-11岁从事课外一小时篮球运动的男生进行篮球训练干预,同时随机选取了25名相同年龄从事美术兴趣班的男生作为对照组。在运动干预前后测试了所有受试对象的力量、速度、灵敏、柔韧、平衡和肺活量等身体素质和身体机能指标。此外,为了证明篮球运动对学生心里焦虑的改善和文化课学习动机有相关性影响,本论文还采用了有关测试智力和学习动机方面的问卷调查法。研究结果:(1)经过12周篮球训练,实验组腕力比干预前提高了13%;立定跳远由测试前158.75cm增加到169.43cm;50米跑成绩由测试前10.57s提高到10.03s;;肺活量较干预前增加了160ml,这几项指标都有显著提高(p0.05)。坐位体前屈、十字象限跳,闭眼单脚站立测试数据与干预前无明显变化。(2)心理症状自评量表(SCL一90)中的焦虑、抑郁测试数据明显优于对照组,且呈显著性差异(P0.05)。研究结论:(1)12周篮球课后一小时教学,可以显著提高少年儿童身体素质,尤其是力量、速度和耐力等,但是对于柔韧、灵敏等提高不明显。(2)篮球运动可以很好改善少年儿童心理焦虑、提高其心理素质;一定程度上可以提高他们文化课学习动机。
[Abstract]:Objective: from the point of view of sports physiology, this paper studies and analyzes the influence of basketball on children's physical quality and the improvement of their psychology. The aim is to make people have a more comprehensive rational understanding of the fitness value of the sport and hope that basketball can be better developed and more widely popularized. Methods: basketball training was conducted for one semester (12 weeks) according to the characteristics of children's physical development. From Beijing Primary School of Emerald City, Daxing District, 25 boys aged 10-11 years engaged in extracurricular basketball training were selected for basketball training and intervention, while 25 boys of the same age engaged in art interest class were randomly selected as the control group. The strength, speed, agility, flexibility, balance and vital capacity of all subjects were tested before and after exercise intervention. In addition, in order to prove the influence of basketball on the improvement of students' psychological anxiety and the learning motivation of culture class, this paper also adopts a questionnaire survey on the aspects of testing intelligence and learning motivation. The results were as follows: (1) after 12 weeks of basketball training, the wrist strength of the experimental group was 13 higher than that before the intervention, the standing long jump was increased from 158.75cm before the test to 169.43 cm-1 / 50 meters from 10.57s before the test to 10.03s / s; The vital capacity was increased by 160 ml compared with that before intervention, and these indexes were significantly increased (p0.05). There was no significant change in the body flexion, cross quadrant jump, closed eyes and one foot standing test data before intervention. (2) the anxiety and depression test data in SCL 90 were significantly better than those in the control group. There was significant difference (P0.05). The conclusions are as follows: (1) one hour teaching after 12-week basketball class can significantly improve children's physical quality, especially strength, speed and endurance, but for flexibility, (2) Basketball can improve children's psychological anxiety and improve their psychological quality; To a certain extent, they can improve their motivation to study in cultural classes.
【学位授予单位】：北京体育大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G841

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