中外优秀青少年女子运动员自由体操难度水平对比研究
发布时间：2019-01-01 15:07
【摘要】：本文采用文献资料法、录像观察法、比较分析法、数理统计法、逻辑分析等研究方法,以代表中外青少年最高水平的2014年南京青年奥林匹克运动会和2015年第一届全国青年运动会竞技体操比赛中自由体操决赛前8名运动员的成套动作为研究对象,对国内与国外优秀青少年女子自由体操运动员在成套编排中的单个难度、连接技术及难度整体水平进行对比研究。研究结果表明:(1)2013版女子竞技体操评分规则自由体操成套动作最高难度数量由10个降为8个,单个难度整体升值,新增了部分难度;技巧的直接和间接连接难度整体均有所降低,提高了混合连接的难度,增加了单腿转体连接的类型;除下法外,提高了其余4条编排的要求;对舞蹈动作的规范标准更加细化。(2)中外优秀青少年女子自由体操运动员成套动作编排特点:我国运动员成套动作的开场动作以技巧开场为主,国外运动员以舞蹈开场为主;国外运动员中间技巧与舞蹈编排形式的选择比较多样,而我国主要以技巧衔接舞蹈再衔接技巧的编排形式为主。(3)关于中外优秀青少年女子自由体操运动员成套动作的难度对比,1)单技巧动作方面:中外运动员在开始串技巧难度动作的选用上实力相当;在中间串技巧和结束串技巧难度动作的选用上国内运动员要低于国外运动员;在转体动作难度的选用方面国内运动员明显高于国外运动员;在跳步动作难度的选用方面国内运动员要低于国外运动员。2)连接技术对比方面:国外运动员在技巧串难度连接的选用上略高于国内运动员;在舞蹈中的跳步连接上,国外运动员主要是以“B+C”的连接为主,国内运动员主要是以“C+C”的连接为主;在转体连接上,中外运动员均没有出现有连接价值的转体连接。3)8个最高难度整体水平国内运动员高于国外运动员,其中,国外运动员技巧难度高于国内运动员;国内运动员舞蹈难度高于国外运动员。由此对我国青少年女子自由体操优秀运动员提出以下建议:(1)在自由体操舞蹈的编排上针对运动员的个人情况发展DD或者不上步BB转体连接以提高得分;(2)对难度分的把握应充分利用新规则,提高成套动作的难度分,并在中间和结束串技巧上提高单个动作技巧难度价值并使用更多连接,以期获得的连接加分,弥补自己的不足。(3)提高运动员的专项体能,避免不必要的低级错误,保证成套动作的零失误。
[Abstract]:This paper adopts the methods of literature, video observation, comparative analysis, mathematical statistics, logic analysis, etc. Taking the top 8 athletes in the floor gymnastics final of the 2014 Nanjing Youth Olympic Games and the first National Youth Games in 2015, representing the highest level of young people in China and foreign countries, as research objects, This paper makes a comparative study on the single difficulty, connecting technique and the whole level of difficulty in the arrangement of domestic and foreign outstanding adolescent female floor gymnasts. The results show that: (1) the 2013 edition of the women's gymnastics scoring rules floor gymnastics sets of the highest difficulty from 10 to 8, the overall appreciation of a single difficulty, added part of the difficulty; The difficulty of direct and indirect connection has been reduced, the difficulty of mixed connection has been increased, the type of single leg rotary connection has been increased, and the requirements of the other four arrangement have been raised. The standard of dance movements is more detailed. (2) the characteristics of Chinese and foreign outstanding young women floor gymnasts' complete sets of movements choreography: the opening movements of Chinese athletes' complete sets of movements are mainly the opening movements of skills. Foreign athletes to dance the opening; The choice of skills and choreography forms among foreign athletes is quite diverse. In our country, it is mainly about the choreography of the skills of connecting dance and rejoining. (3) the comparison of the difficulty of the Chinese and foreign outstanding young women floor gymnasts in complete sets of movements, 1) single skill movement: Chinese and foreign athletes have the same strength in the selection of difficulty movements in starting string skills; In the selection of intermediate string skill and end string skill difficulty action, domestic athletes are lower than foreign athletes, and domestic athletes are obviously higher than foreign athletes in the selection of the difficulty of turning movement. In the choice of the difficulty of jumping, the domestic athletes are lower than the foreign athletes. 2) the comparison of the connection technology: foreign athletes in the choice of skill string difficulty connection slightly higher than the domestic athletes; In dance jump connection, foreign athletes are mainly connected by "B C", while domestic athletes are mainly connected by "C C". In the rotation connection, Chinese and foreign athletes do not have the value of the link. 3) the overall level of 8 highest difficulty domestic athletes are higher than foreign athletes, among them, foreign athletes are more difficult than domestic athletes; The dance difficulty of domestic athletes is higher than that of foreign athletes. Therefore, the following suggestions are put forward to the outstanding female floor gymnasts of our country: (1) the arrangement of floor gymnastics dance develops DD or does not step up the BB to improve the score according to the individual situation of the athletes; (2) grasping the difficulty score should make full use of the new rules, increase the difficulty score of the complete set of movements, and increase the difficulty value and use of more connections in the middle and end of the series skills, with a view to obtaining additional points for the connection, (3) improve athletes' special physical ability, avoid unnecessary low-level mistakes, and ensure zero errors in complete sets of movements.
【学位授予单位】：成都体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G832.1
[Abstract]:This paper adopts the methods of literature, video observation, comparative analysis, mathematical statistics, logic analysis, etc. Taking the top 8 athletes in the floor gymnastics final of the 2014 Nanjing Youth Olympic Games and the first National Youth Games in 2015, representing the highest level of young people in China and foreign countries, as research objects, This paper makes a comparative study on the single difficulty, connecting technique and the whole level of difficulty in the arrangement of domestic and foreign outstanding adolescent female floor gymnasts. The results show that: (1) the 2013 edition of the women's gymnastics scoring rules floor gymnastics sets of the highest difficulty from 10 to 8, the overall appreciation of a single difficulty, added part of the difficulty; The difficulty of direct and indirect connection has been reduced, the difficulty of mixed connection has been increased, the type of single leg rotary connection has been increased, and the requirements of the other four arrangement have been raised. The standard of dance movements is more detailed. (2) the characteristics of Chinese and foreign outstanding young women floor gymnasts' complete sets of movements choreography: the opening movements of Chinese athletes' complete sets of movements are mainly the opening movements of skills. Foreign athletes to dance the opening; The choice of skills and choreography forms among foreign athletes is quite diverse. In our country, it is mainly about the choreography of the skills of connecting dance and rejoining. (3) the comparison of the difficulty of the Chinese and foreign outstanding young women floor gymnasts in complete sets of movements, 1) single skill movement: Chinese and foreign athletes have the same strength in the selection of difficulty movements in starting string skills; In the selection of intermediate string skill and end string skill difficulty action, domestic athletes are lower than foreign athletes, and domestic athletes are obviously higher than foreign athletes in the selection of the difficulty of turning movement. In the choice of the difficulty of jumping, the domestic athletes are lower than the foreign athletes. 2) the comparison of the connection technology: foreign athletes in the choice of skill string difficulty connection slightly higher than the domestic athletes; In dance jump connection, foreign athletes are mainly connected by "B C", while domestic athletes are mainly connected by "C C". In the rotation connection, Chinese and foreign athletes do not have the value of the link. 3) the overall level of 8 highest difficulty domestic athletes are higher than foreign athletes, among them, foreign athletes are more difficult than domestic athletes; The dance difficulty of domestic athletes is higher than that of foreign athletes. Therefore, the following suggestions are put forward to the outstanding female floor gymnasts of our country: (1) the arrangement of floor gymnastics dance develops DD or does not step up the BB to improve the score according to the individual situation of the athletes; (2) grasping the difficulty score should make full use of the new rules, increase the difficulty score of the complete set of movements, and increase the difficulty value and use of more connections in the middle and end of the series skills, with a view to obtaining additional points for the connection, (3) improve athletes' special physical ability, avoid unnecessary low-level mistakes, and ensure zero errors in complete sets of movements.
【学位授予单位】：成都体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G832.1
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