传统武术发展中的师徒传承研究
发布时间：2019-02-16 08:16
【摘要】：文化是人类在社会发展过程中,所创造的物质财富和精神财富的总称,文化传承在于传承人之间的传递和承接。传统武术作为我国独具特色的民族传统体育活动,具有显著的文化传递性。而师徒传承更成为中华武术源适流长的重要动力和标识。师傅和徒弟,在武术文化的传承中占据有重要的地位。但是,随着社会的发展和变迁,传统武术发展中的"择师"与"授徒"等文化现象也在逐步发生变化,其人文内涵正逐步削弱,很大程度上成为制约武术传承与发展的内在动因。同时,在普遍意识到传统武术师徒传承内在价值的同时,寄生其中的某些文化糟巧也在悄然复苏,如口户之争等。在这样的背景下,如何科学地认识师徒传承,解读其内涵,明晰其发展,对于中国武术的传承而言,具有显著的理论价值和实践意义。基于此,论文以传统武术中的师徒传承为研究对象。采用文献资料、影像资料、逻辑分析等研究方法,从师徒传承的样态,择师授徒的仪式,新型师徒关系的确立等方面进行系统研究。一方面明晰武术发展中师徒传承的文化内涵,厘清其内在的价值和意义；另一方面社会变迁背景下中华武术的传承提供的理论借鉴和解决方案。论文通过研究,发现：第一,师徒传承是传统武术传承的主要方式,师父择徒严格遵守着“道德决定论”,对徒弟类型的划分体现了“以家为本”的家族文化。传统武术发展中师徒关系的过程是儒家文化的缩影,授徒过程体现了传统武术传承内容的多样性；第二,师父在传统武术传承过程中有着不可替代的作用,在师徒关系中有着至高无上的地位,承担着传道授业的历史重任,是师徒传承中的重要的组成部分；第三,“师为徒纲”限制了徒弟的权利,其任务是刻苦训练、发扬技艺,但随着社会的发展,其趋势逐步弱化。论文通过师徒传承仪式和当前社会发展的文化考察,认为：一方面,师徒传承有利于武术拳种套路风格保持,有利于武术拳种套路的横向拓展,有利于武术套路技艺的精深,有利于武术拳种套路的继承.但同时,论资排辈：不利于武术技艺的平等化交流,门派之争：不利于武术拳种的技艺交流,固守陈规：不利于武术技艺的革新,纵向传承：不利于武术技艺的多元化发展。在此基础上,论文提出了建立“新型师徒关系”的研究构想。认为,在当前的社会背景下,武术的传承方式上应当“取其精华,去其糟粕”,第一,剔除封建陋习,改变择徒观念,在传授技艺方面要保持“德艺双修”理念,打破“门户之见”。第二,大力推广、发展新型师徒关系,这种关系可以是师生关系、师徒关系、师友关系的单独存在或组合发展。第三,传统武术师徒传承与学校师生关系的融合,传统武术进入学校发展可以促使传统武术的技艺、文化得到快速繁衍。
[Abstract]:Culture is the general term of material wealth and spiritual wealth created by human beings in the process of social development. As a unique national traditional sports activity in China, traditional Wushu has remarkable cultural transmission. And the inheritance of teachers and disciples has become an important driving force and symbol of the source of Chinese Wushu. Master and apprentice occupy an important position in the inheritance of martial arts culture. However, with the development and changes of the society, the cultural phenomena such as "teacher selection" and "apprenticeship" in the development of traditional Wushu are gradually changing, and its humanistic connotation is gradually weakening. To a large extent, it has become the internal motivation that restricts the inheritance and development of Wushu. At the same time, while the traditional martial arts master inherits the intrinsic value, some of the parasitic culture is reviving quietly, such as the battle between mouth and family. In such a background, how to scientifically understand the inheritance of teachers and disciples, understand its connotation, clear its development, for the inheritance of Chinese martial arts, has a significant theoretical value and practical significance. Based on this, the thesis takes the inheritance of teachers and disciples in traditional martial arts as the research object. By using the methods of literature, image and logic analysis, this paper makes a systematic study on the patterns of the inheritance of teachers and disciples, the ritual of selecting teachers and apprentices, and the establishment of new relationship between teachers and disciples. On the one hand, it clarifies the cultural connotation of the inheritance of masters and disciples in the development of Wushu, and clarifies its intrinsic value and significance; on the other hand, the inheritance of Chinese Wushu under the background of social change provides theoretical reference and solution. The thesis finds that: first, the inheritance of masters and disciples is the main way of inheritance of traditional martial arts. Master strictly obeys "moral determinism", and the classification of apprentice types embodies the "home-based" family culture. The process of relationship between teacher and disciple in the development of traditional Wushu is the epitome of Confucian culture. Second, master plays an irreplaceable role in the inheritance of traditional martial arts, plays a supreme role in the relationship between teachers and disciples, and assumes the historical responsibility of preaching and teaching, which is an important part of the inheritance of teachers and disciples; Thirdly, the right of apprentice is restricted by "teacher as apprentice", whose task is to train hard and develop skills, but with the development of society, its tendency is gradually weakened. Based on the cultural investigation of the ceremony and the current social development, the thesis holds that, on the one hand, the inheritance of teachers and disciples is conducive to the maintenance of martial arts boxing routine style, the lateral expansion of martial arts boxing routine, and the depth of martial arts routine skills. Conducive to the inheritance of martial arts boxing routine. But at the same time, seniority: not conducive to the equal exchange of martial arts skills, schools of contention: not conducive to the exchange of martial arts boxing skills, adhere to stereotypes: not conducive to the innovation of martial arts skills, vertical inheritance, is not conducive to the development of martial arts technology diversification. On this basis, the paper puts forward the concept of establishing a new relationship between teacher and disciple. Under the current social background, Wushu should adopt the essence and discard the dross. First, it should eliminate the bad habits of feudalism, change the idea of selecting students, and maintain the idea of "double cultivation of virtue and art" in the teaching of skills. Break the door. Secondly, we should promote and develop a new relationship between teacher and student, which can be the separate existence or combination of teacher-student relationship, teacher-disciple relationship and teacher-friend relationship. Third, the traditional Wushu inheritance and the relationship between teachers and students, the traditional Wushu into the school development can promote the traditional Wushu skills, culture has been rapid reproduction.
【学位授予单位】：成都体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G852
本文编号：2424240
[Abstract]:Culture is the general term of material wealth and spiritual wealth created by human beings in the process of social development. As a unique national traditional sports activity in China, traditional Wushu has remarkable cultural transmission. And the inheritance of teachers and disciples has become an important driving force and symbol of the source of Chinese Wushu. Master and apprentice occupy an important position in the inheritance of martial arts culture. However, with the development and changes of the society, the cultural phenomena such as "teacher selection" and "apprenticeship" in the development of traditional Wushu are gradually changing, and its humanistic connotation is gradually weakening. To a large extent, it has become the internal motivation that restricts the inheritance and development of Wushu. At the same time, while the traditional martial arts master inherits the intrinsic value, some of the parasitic culture is reviving quietly, such as the battle between mouth and family. In such a background, how to scientifically understand the inheritance of teachers and disciples, understand its connotation, clear its development, for the inheritance of Chinese martial arts, has a significant theoretical value and practical significance. Based on this, the thesis takes the inheritance of teachers and disciples in traditional martial arts as the research object. By using the methods of literature, image and logic analysis, this paper makes a systematic study on the patterns of the inheritance of teachers and disciples, the ritual of selecting teachers and apprentices, and the establishment of new relationship between teachers and disciples. On the one hand, it clarifies the cultural connotation of the inheritance of masters and disciples in the development of Wushu, and clarifies its intrinsic value and significance; on the other hand, the inheritance of Chinese Wushu under the background of social change provides theoretical reference and solution. The thesis finds that: first, the inheritance of masters and disciples is the main way of inheritance of traditional martial arts. Master strictly obeys "moral determinism", and the classification of apprentice types embodies the "home-based" family culture. The process of relationship between teacher and disciple in the development of traditional Wushu is the epitome of Confucian culture. Second, master plays an irreplaceable role in the inheritance of traditional martial arts, plays a supreme role in the relationship between teachers and disciples, and assumes the historical responsibility of preaching and teaching, which is an important part of the inheritance of teachers and disciples; Thirdly, the right of apprentice is restricted by "teacher as apprentice", whose task is to train hard and develop skills, but with the development of society, its tendency is gradually weakened. Based on the cultural investigation of the ceremony and the current social development, the thesis holds that, on the one hand, the inheritance of teachers and disciples is conducive to the maintenance of martial arts boxing routine style, the lateral expansion of martial arts boxing routine, and the depth of martial arts routine skills. Conducive to the inheritance of martial arts boxing routine. But at the same time, seniority: not conducive to the equal exchange of martial arts skills, schools of contention: not conducive to the exchange of martial arts boxing skills, adhere to stereotypes: not conducive to the innovation of martial arts skills, vertical inheritance, is not conducive to the development of martial arts technology diversification. On this basis, the paper puts forward the concept of establishing a new relationship between teacher and disciple. Under the current social background, Wushu should adopt the essence and discard the dross. First, it should eliminate the bad habits of feudalism, change the idea of selecting students, and maintain the idea of "double cultivation of virtue and art" in the teaching of skills. Break the door. Secondly, we should promote and develop a new relationship between teacher and student, which can be the separate existence or combination of teacher-student relationship, teacher-disciple relationship and teacher-friend relationship. Third, the traditional Wushu inheritance and the relationship between teachers and students, the traditional Wushu into the school development can promote the traditional Wushu skills, culture has been rapid reproduction.
【学位授予单位】：成都体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G852
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1 吕韶钧;张维凯;;民间习武共同体的提出及其社会文化基础[J];北京体育大学学报;2013年09期
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 时延芳;从生活世界看中国传统武术的发展[D];湖南师范大学;2014年
，本文编号：2424240
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