基于社会需求视角下高等体育院校篮球裁判员培养的SWOT分析

发布时间：2019-03-18 18:40

【摘要】：改革开放以来,我国经济的腾飞为篮球运动的发展提供了优越的物质基础和良好的市场环境,人们参与篮球运动的热情不断高涨。篮球比赛数量的增多势必会引起裁判员需求量的增加,比赛水平的提高势必会对裁判员能力提出更高的要求。体育院校作为篮球裁判员人才培养的主要单位,应该紧盯篮球裁判人才的社会需求变化,根据社会需求状况优化教学模式,提高裁判人才培养效益,进而满足社会需求。本研究以社会需求为视角,以管理学相关理论为导向,运用文献资料法、问卷调查法和专家访谈法明确了当前篮球裁判员社会需求和体育院校篮球裁判员培养现状,在此基础上运用数据分析法筛选了影响体育院校篮球裁判员培养的内外环境因素,然后运用SWOT分析法进行系统分析,最后运用SWOT矩阵模型总结出有益于体育院校培养篮球裁判员的可行性对策和合理化建议。研究结果为:1、目前,各体育院校篮球裁判教学形式主要以等级考核前集中培训为主,学生平时对裁判知识和技能积累不够;各院校都看到了篮球裁判社会需求的变化,部分院校做了相应的调整。2、目前,社会对一级、国家级篮球裁判员需求量较大;普遍认为二级、一级裁判员的实际执裁能力未达到期望水平;当前社会篮球裁判工作所存在的三大问题是基本理论水平较低、三人执裁水平较低、记录台工作水平较低;当前社会对篮球裁判员三大基本能力要求是职业道德水平、基本理论水平、临场执裁水平。3、目前,体育院校篮球裁判教学内容与社会对篮球裁判员的能力要求吻合度较高;一级等级考核标准低于社会期望水平,吻合度较低。4、体育院校培养篮球裁判员的四大优势:校内比赛水平相对较高,实践机会多;具丰富的裁判员培养经验;学生整体素质高,年龄结构适宜,可以提高成才率,缩短成才周期;拥有高级别的裁判员老师。5、四大劣势:对篮球裁判培养工作的重视不够;缺乏高水平执裁机会;没有统一的教材和完整的教学大纲;教师对篮球裁判教学的重视程度不同。6、四大机遇:篮球裁判员社会需求大;顺应我国体育制度改革和高校改革;CBA裁判职业化的引导;稳定的政治环境,坚实的社会经济基础。7、四大挑战:部分体育院校没有推荐报考国家级资格,限制优秀学生裁判员向更高层次发展;体育院校与地方篮协尚未建立互动机制;中国篮协开始对地方篮协(包括体育院校)等级认证工作进行资质认定和评估考核;政府缺乏整体规划。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, the economic development of our country has provided a superior material basis and a good market environment for the development of basketball, and the enthusiasm of people to participate in basketball has been rising. The increase in the number of basketball matches will inevitably lead to an increase in the demand for referees, and the improvement of the level of the match will inevitably put forward higher requirements on the referees' ability. As the main training unit of basketball referees, sports colleges and universities should pay close attention to the changes of social needs of basketball referees, optimize the teaching mode according to the social needs, improve the training efficiency of referees, and meet the needs of the society. This research takes the social demand as the angle, takes the management related theory as the guidance, uses the literature material method, the questionnaire investigation method and the expert interview method to clarify the current basketball referee social demand and the sports college basketball referee training present situation. On this basis, the data analysis method is used to screen the internal and external environmental factors that affect the training of basketball referees in sports colleges and universities, and then the SWOT analysis method is used to carry on the systematic analysis. Finally, the SWOT matrix model is used to summarize the feasible countermeasures and reasonable suggestions which are beneficial to the training of basketball referees in sports colleges and universities. The research results are as follows: (1) at present, basketball referee teaching forms in various physical education colleges mainly focus on training before grade assessment, and students' accumulation of referee knowledge and skills is not enough at ordinary times; Various colleges and universities have seen the changes in the social needs of basketball referees, and some colleges and universities have made corresponding adjustments. 2, at present, the society has a large demand for first-level and national basketball referees; It is generally believed that the actual ability of the first-class referees is not up to the desired level, and the three major problems existing in the current social basketball referee work are the lower basic theoretical level, the lower level of the three-person referee, and the lower working level of the recording desk. At present, the three basic abilities of basketball referees in society are professional moral level, basic theoretical level and on-the-spot adjudication level. 3. At present, the teaching contents of basketball referees in physical education colleges are in good agreement with the ability requirements of the society to basketball referees; The evaluation standard of the first grade is lower than the social expectation level and the degree of coincidence is low. 4, the four advantages of cultivating basketball referees in physical education colleges and universities are as follows: the level of in-school competition is relatively high, and there are many practical opportunities; there is rich experience in the training of referees; The overall quality of the students is high, the age structure is appropriate, it can improve the rate of success, shorten the period of success, have a high-level referee teacher. 5, four major disadvantages: insufficient attention to the training of basketball referees, lack of high-level opportunities for the referee; There are no unified teaching materials and a complete syllabus; the teachers pay different attention to basketball referee teaching. 6, four opportunities: basketball referees' social needs, conforming to the reform of our sports system and colleges and universities; CBA referee professional guidance; Stable political environment, solid socio-economic base. 7, four major challenges: some physical education colleges and universities do not recommend national qualifications for the examination, restricting excellent student referees to a higher level; Sports colleges and local basketball associations have not yet established an interactive mechanism; the China Basketball Association has begun to identify and assess the qualifications of local basketball associations (including sports colleges and universities); and the government lacks overall planning.
【学位授予单位】：北京体育大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G841-4

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