比较视野下跆拳道与散打对青少年身体素质的影响研究

发布时间：2019-05-17 13:16

【摘要】：青少年是祖国的未来、民族的希望,担负着复兴中华民族的伟大的历史重任。因此,增强青少年体质、促进青少年健康成长就成了关系我们国家和民族未来的大事。青少年时期是身体发育的高峰期,青少年的肌肉发展、骨骼发育、灵敏系统发展、韧带柔韧性发展、力量的发展在这一个时期相当的活跃。这一时期关系到青少年实现未来体育生活化和体育终身化的目标,是青少年健身意识形成的重要时期和健身的关键阶段。我国早期的体育锻炼主要以掌握技能、技术为主,后来才向快乐体育、终身体育、健康第一过渡。然而大部分青少年学生对学校体育中的很多基本体育运动项目并不感兴趣,参与度很低,这就使得他们的运动能力无法得到提升和发展。随着跆拳道运动项目在2004年雅典奥运会后风靡全球,它受到了世界各地青少年的青睐。中国武术散打是一种特定的对抗型体育,在上世纪七十年代末期迅猛发展,现在已经开始走进普通高校的体育课堂。散打具有民族特色、实用性强,所以,在高校中,受到了广大学生的喜爱。笔者通过对青少年跆拳道运动与散打的研究,以青少年实验对象的身体各指标为依据,研究两种不同的技击运动训练对训练者身体的不同影响,从而使得青少年能更好的选择自己更为喜爱的某一项运动。从而更好的培养终身体育者,推动和提高我国群众体育的整体水平。本研究采用文献资料法和逻辑分析法,从心理学、教育学等方面寻求理论依据论证跆拳道和散打对青少年各项身体素质的巨大影响。通过文献资料法和问卷调查法对跆拳道和散打对训练者们的心理素质影响进行了研究;根据本文研究的实际需要运用问卷调查法,问卷设计采用了高级运动员心理素质测试样表,具有权威性、全面性、科学性和代表性,开展了把郴州豪博训练基地跆拳道与散打全体训练者作为研究对象的问卷调查活动。另外,为了更好的研究跆拳道和散打的文化背景特地设计了关于其传播方式的调查问卷。同时,采用实验研究法,抽取郴州市豪博训练基地跆拳道与散打专业训练班选取身体素质无明显差异的男性训练新手各20位为实验对象,以力量素质、速度素质、耐力素质、灵敏素质、人性素质和心理素质为分析指标,采取多种方法对训练者实验前后的各项身体素质指标予以测试并记录。实验时间为2015年7月至2015年12月。通过实验前后数据的对比分析,找出而这对各项身体素质影响的不同点,本文则主要侧重于论述两种体育运动项目在以上素质的影响力、训练方法及要求上存在的差异,以便为更多的青少年选择适合自己的最佳运动项目。对实验对象各项指标和调查问卷进行分析研究后,得出以下结论:(1)作为中国传统文化瑰宝之一的散打,在我国并未得到很好地重视和普及。跆拳道在中国的盛行度远远高于散打。因此,我们要提高人们对散打运动的认识。(2)无论是散打运动还是跆拳道运动,对青少年心理素质都有很大的促进作用,因此,想要全面的提升自己的各项身体素质,选择这两项运动将大有裨益。(3)跆拳道和散打对青少年社体素质的各项指标影响存在差异:跆拳道运动对耐力和灵敏素质要求更高;散打对力量、速度、柔韧素质要求高于跆拳道。同时,二者对耐力素质和速度素质的影响没有显著差异。(4)该研究对想要通过某项运动提高自己身体素质的运动员而言,具有很大的参考价值。
[Abstract]:The youth is the future of the motherland, the hope of the nation, and the great historical task of the revival of the Chinese nation. Therefore, to strengthen the young people's physique and to promote the healthy growth of the young people is a great deal to the future of our country and the nation. The period of the youth is the peak of physical development, the development of the muscle, the development of the bone, the development of the sensitive system and the development of the flexibility of the ligament, and the development of the strength is quite active in this period. The relationship between this period and the goal of the young people to realize the future physical and physical activity and the lifelong physical education is the key stage of the formation of the young people's body-building consciousness and the key stage of the body-building. The early physical exercise of our country is mainly to master the skills and technology, and then to the happy sports, the lifelong physical education, the health first transition. However, most of the young students are not interested in many of the basic sports programs in the school sports, and the participation is very low, which makes them unable to be promoted and developed. It has been popular among young people around the world in the wake of the popular race in the 2004 Athens Olympics. Chinese Wushu Sanda is a kind of special anti-sport sport. In the end of the 1970s, the rapid development of Chinese martial arts has begun to go into the physical education class of the university. Sanda has national characteristics and strong practicability, so it is popular among the students in colleges and universities. The author studies the different effects of two different kinds of skill training on the body of the trainer by the study of the movement and the scattering of the young people, so that the teenagers can better choose one of their more favorite sports. So as to promote and improve the overall level of the mass sports in our country. This study is based on the methods of literature and logic, from the aspects of psychology, pedagogy and so on, to demonstrate the great impact on the physical fitness of the young people. By means of the method of literature and the questionnaire, the influence of the psychological quality of the training persons is studied by means of the method of literature and the questionnaire. The questionnaire method is used to design the psychological quality of the high-level athletes according to the actual needs of the research. The questionnaire is authoritative and comprehensive. The scientific and representative work has carried out the questionnaire survey of the training base of the Hobobo Training Base of the State of China and the whole of the trainers as the research object. In addition, a questionnaire on the mode of communication is specially designed for the better study of the cultural background. At the same time, using the experimental research method,20 male training novices with no significant difference in physical fitness are selected from the training course of the Hobobo Training Base of the City of Chenzhou and the training courses, and the 20 positions are the experimental objects, and the power quality, the speed quality, the endurance quality and the sensitive quality are obtained. The quality of human nature and the psychological quality are the analysis indexes, and various methods are adopted to test and record the physical quality indexes before and after the training. The experimental time is from July 2015 to December 2015. Through the comparative analysis of the data before and after the experiment, this paper finds out the difference between the influence of the two sports items in the above-mentioned quality, and the difference between the training methods and the requirements. In order to select the best sport for more young people. After the analysis of various indexes and questionnaire of the experimental subjects, the following conclusions are drawn: (1) As one of the traditional cultural treasures of China, it has not been paid much attention and popularization in our country. China's popularity is far higher in China than in the fight. Therefore, we should improve people's understanding of the movement. (2) There is a great effect on the psychological quality of the young people, whether in the sport or in the boxing, so it will be of great benefit to improve the physical fitness of the young people in a comprehensive way. (3) There is a difference in the various indexes of the quality of the youth's social body by the boxing and the spanda: the demand for endurance and sensitive quality is higher for the movement of the boxing and boxing, and the demand for the strength, the speed and the flexibility is higher than that of the boxing ring. At the same time, there is no significant difference in the effect of the two on the quality of endurance and speed. (4) The research is of great reference value to the athletes who want to improve their physical fitness through a certain sport.
【学位授予单位】：云南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G886.9;G852.4

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