竞技运动专项的“核心”及其训练研究——以田径项目为例

发布时间：2019-06-11 05:00

【摘要】：试图从竞技运动表现的整体属性和系统功能出发,运用文献资料法、专家访谈法,阐释竞技运动专项的核心及其训练理念。结论:竞技运动专项的核心应是主导和决定竞技水平的专项核心能力;基于项群理论分析各亚类项群的专项核心能力;以田径项目为例,论述分析专项核心能力的方法,指出短跑是以专项素质、神经反应和动作的经济性为核心,竞走和中长跑是以专项素质、技术经济性和心肺系统能力为核心,跳跃项目以专项素质、技术协调和适时爆发能力为核心,投掷项目以运动链的优化整合与蓄势爆发能力为核心;提出从竞技需要出发,密切结合专项特征,紧抓专项运动链的系统功能区域,优化选择训练方法和手段,合理安排训练负荷,将专项素质能力与专项技术、神经系统、心智调控综合发展的训练理念,以期能为竞技训练提供参考。
[Abstract]:Based on the overall attribute and systematic function of competitive sports, this paper tries to explain the core and training concept of competitive sports by using the method of literature and expert interview. Conclusion: the core of competitive sports should be the special core competence which leads and determines the competitive level, and the special core competence of each subcategory should be analyzed based on the theory of event group. Taking track and field events as an example, this paper discusses the methods of analyzing special core competence, and points out that sprint is based on special quality, neural response and movement economy, while race walking and middle and long distance running are based on special quality, technical economy and cardiopulmonary system ability. The jumping event takes the special quality, the technical coordination and the timely burst ability as the core, and the throwing event takes the optimization integration and the potential burst ability of the sports chain as the core. It is put forward that according to the competitive needs, combining the special characteristics closely, grasping the systematic functional area of the special sports chain, optimizing the selection of training methods and means, reasonably arranging the training load, combining the special quality ability with the special technology, and the nervous system, The training concept of comprehensive development of mental regulation and control is expected to provide reference for competitive training.
【作者单位】：广州体育学院;
【基金】：广东省体育局2016—2017年科研课题青年项目(项目编号:GDSS2016057) 广州体育学院“创新强校工程——创新科研团队项目“(013)
【分类号】：G82

【相似文献】