城市化进程中南湖高龙的民间体育组织变迁及治理研究

发布时间：2019-07-09 16:17

【摘要】：民间体育组织是群众参与体育活动与交流的载体,在政府和群众之间起到关键的桥梁作用。特别是国家经济高速发展以及全民健身战略推动下,民间体育组织在规模和数量上都有大幅度提升,但整体发展仍呈现不均衡性。近几十年城市化的发展,引发根植于乡土社会的民间体育组织的生存空间发生转变,制度、环境、人的需求等一系列内外环境的变化都给民间体育的发展带来了挑战,民间体育组织必须不断做出调整,解决客观发展的需求。舞高龙是武汉市元宵节民俗活动项目,南湖高龙为蔡甸区南湖社区的高龙,2013年被列为省级非物质文化遗产。在南湖由自然村向社区转变背景下,其发展依然面临严峻挑战。本文运用文献资料法、访谈法、观察法、归纳和演绎法对南湖高龙以及南湖高龙的民间体育组织变迁进行历史性分析,找出发展困境所在,继而寻求民间体育组织的治理路径。研究结论如下:(1)具有宗教性、集体性和民俗性的南湖高龙在城市化进程中文化的存在方式发生变迁。主体功能由原始娱神性向娱人性转变;舞高龙表现形式向难、美、新发展;传播方式由民间口头传说向互联网、电视等多元化方式发展;具有神秘色彩的仪式流程向透明化发展;传统节庆表演节目增加健身价值。(2)将南湖高龙的民间体育组织变迁研究,将其划分为两个阶段:1.复苏阶段(1978年——1999年),文化大革命结束后,文化活动复兴;2.稳定发展阶段(2000年——至今),城市化进入快速发展阶段,南湖高龙组织开始转变。(3)在城市化进程中,南湖高龙实现由单一向政府、社会、个人综合管理转变。南湖高龙的管理方式由单一村委管理向南湖村村委、南湖社区、大集街、蔡甸区非遗中心共同管理转变;经费来源由南湖村自筹向南湖村村委、市场表演、非遗中心补助筹补集资;运行机制从没有严格的规章制度、依靠村落文化凝聚力开展活动到有明确的发展机制,包括高龙协会成立、《湖北省非物质文化遗产保护条例》的保护机制;在组织规模上由参与人多,只有南湖村村民发展为参与人少但具有开放性,不同村落的人都可参与。(4)城市化进程中南湖高龙民间体育组织社会价值主要是微观促进南湖高龙活态传承,中观推动社区公共文化建设;宏观弥补政府文化管理不足。(5)依据城市化进程中南湖高龙民间体育组织变迁,在未来的传承与发展中依然面临缺乏专业管理人才、缺乏生产性发展成本、培育发展机制单一、保障性政策模糊的困境。最后对南湖高龙民间体育组织与政府、社会互动发展提出相对应建议,认为南湖高龙民间体育组织治理需要自身、社会、政府协同努力:从自身层面培养南湖高龙民间体育组织自主意识,加强人才建设,激发自身活力;从社会层面建立社会对文化开发的良性运作,培育市场机制,拓展经费来源;从政府层面加强、务实“政府引导”职能、改革管理机制、增强政府公信力;共同努力调整生产结构,改善组织收入。
[Abstract]:The civil sports organization is the carrier of the mass participation in sports activities and communication, and plays a key role in the bridge between the government and the masses. In particular that high-speed development of the national economy and the promotion of the national fitness strategy, the civil sports organization has a significant increase in size and quantity, but overall development is still uneven. With the development of the urbanization in recent decades, the change of the living space of the folk sports organizations rooted in the local society, the changes of the system, the environment and the people's needs have brought challenges to the development of the folk sports, and the folk sports organizations must constantly make adjustments. And the requirement of objective development is solved. The dragon dance is a folk activity project of the Lantern Festival in Wuhan. The high dragon of the South Lake is the high-dragon of the South Lake community in the area of Cai, and is listed as the provincial non-material cultural heritage in 2013. In that context of the transformation of the south lake from the natural village to the community, its development still faces a serious challenge. This paper makes a historical analysis of the changes of the folk sports organizations of the high-dragon and the high-dragon in the South Lake by means of the methods of literature, interview, observation, induction and deduction, and finds out the development dilemma, and then seeks the governing path of the folk sports organizations. The conclusions of the study are as follows: (1) The existence of culture in the process of urbanization has changed in the process of urbanization. The function of the main body is changed from the original to the human nature; the expression of the dragon dance is difficult, the beauty and the new development; the mode of communication is developed by the folk oral legends to the Internet, the television and the like; the ritual flow with the mystique is developed towards the transparent; The traditional festival performance shows the value of body-building. (2) The study of the change of the folk sports organization of the high-dragon of the South Lake is divided into two stages:1. The recovery phase (1978 _ 1999), after the end of the cultural revolution, the revival of cultural activities;2. During the period of stable development (2000 _ to-present), the urbanization entered the rapid development stage, and the high-dragon organization of the South Lake started to change. (3) In the process of urbanization, the high-dragon of the South Lake is transformed from the single to the government, the society and the individual. The management mode of the high-dragon in the South Lake is changed from the management of the single village committee to the village committee of the Nanhu Village, the community of the South Lake, the Daji Street and the non-legacy center of the Caidian District; the source of the funds is from the self-financing of the Nanhu village to the village committee of the Nanhu Village, the market performance and the subsidy of the non-legacy center to raise the fund; The operating mechanism, from the absence of strict rules and regulations, relies on the cultural cohesion of the villages to carry out the activities to the clear development mechanism, including the establishment of the High Dragon Association, the protection mechanism of the Protection of the Non-material Cultural Heritage in Hubei Province, and the participation of the participating people on the scale of the organization. Only the villagers of Nanhu Village have developed to be less involved but open, and people with different villages can participate. (4) The social value of the high-dragon folk sports organizations in the process of urbanization is mainly the micro-promotion of the inheritance of the high-dragon living state of the South Lake and the promotion of the public cultural construction of the community; and the macro-compensation of the shortage of the government's cultural management. (5) According to the change of the high-dragon folk sports organizations in the process of urbanization, the future inheritance and development still faces the dilemma of the lack of professional management talents, the lack of productive development cost, the single development mechanism and the fuzziness of the supportability policy. in that end, it is suggested that the civil sports organization of the high dragon of the south lake and the government and the society should make a corresponding suggestion, and think that the governance of the high-dragon folk sports organization in the south lake need the self, the society and the government to make concerted efforts: to cultivate the self-consciousness of the high-dragon folk sports organization of the south lake from the own level, and to strengthen the talent construction, To stimulate the vitality of the society, to set up the benign operation of the society to the development of the culture from the social level, to cultivate the market mechanism and to expand the source of funds; to strengthen and practical "government guidance" functions from the government level, to reform the management mechanism and to strengthen the public credibility of the government; and to work together to adjust the production structure and improve the income of the organization.
【学位授予单位】：武汉体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G812.17

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