从国家公民到世界公民：美国公民教育目标的转向

发布时间：2018-06-22 11:34

本文选题：国家公民 + 世界公民　；参考：《华中师范大学》2011年博士论文

【摘要】：公民教育最早滥觞于古希腊,经历过中世纪的沉寂之后,随着近代资产阶级国家的诞生而复兴。作为西方发达国家的美国,自建国以来便以公民教育作为立国的基石,经过二百余年的发展,在理论及实践上积累了诸多经验,成为现代公民教育理论研究的重镇。本研究按照历史发展的脉络,探讨从殖民化时期到全球化时期,美国公民教育目标发展的路径,阐述了美国公民教育目标重心转向的历史位移。本研究共分为五个部分：第一部分为导论。主要探讨了选题缘起和研究价值。在进行相关文献回顾的基础上,指出了本研究的逻辑起点,并阐明了研究的基本思路、行文框架及具体的研究方法。第二部分为美国的公民教育之源(论文的第一章)。从纵横两个维度,分别探讨了美国公民教育的欧洲传统,以及近代公民教育复兴以来,对美国公民教育影响较为显著的法国、英国以及其他欧洲国家的公民教育概况。第三部分为国家公民培养的探讨(包括论文的第二、三、四章)。第二章主要揭示了殖民化时期,教育体系尚未建立的联合殖民地人民,通过意识形态、宗教情愫以及革命启蒙而萌发美国公民意识的基本情况；第三章探讨了从立国后至南北统一期间,在领袖关于提升公民素质、培养爱国公民的构想下,公立学校运动对这些构想的实践；第四章则系统阐述了城市化飞速发展时期的美国,通过专业学会的参与,不断推动“美国化”的公民教育,以促进新、旧移民的融合,从而促进民众美国公民意识的增强的历史现象。第四部分为世界公民的培养(包括论文第五章、第六章)。第五章分析了美国在经历繁荣、萧条、大战以及冷战等一系列考验的基础上,其公民教育在曲折发展中,进行的世界公民塑造的初探；而其社会科课程的演变,则表明了美国公民教育目标转向的迹象。第六章主要研究美国公民教育目标冲破国家主义倾向。由于受其他国家实力的增强、恐怖主义报复袭击以及经济危机的席卷,美国的霸权遭受了重创；而随着全球化趋势的日益明朗,在人类所遭遇的共同危机下,美国的公民教育通过世界交流、主题重心的转向,开始关注世界公民的培养；作为其公民教育主要课程的社会科则呈现出全球化的趋向。第五部分为结语。系统概括了美国公民教育目标发展的路径；探讨了美国公民教育发展的规律,基于公民身份变迁的理论挖掘了美国公民教育目标转向的根本动因;并预测了未来美国公民教育发展的趋势。
[Abstract]:Civic education originated in ancient Greece, after the silence of the Middle Ages, it was revived with the birth of modern bourgeois state. The United States, as a western developed country, has been based on civic education since its founding. After more than 200 years of development, it has accumulated a lot of experience in theory and practice, and has become an important city in the research of modern civic education theory. According to the historical development, this study discusses the path of the development of American civic education goals from colonization period to globalization period, and expounds the historical shift of the center of gravity of American civic education goals. This study is divided into five parts: the first part is an introduction. This paper mainly discusses the origin and research value of the topic. Based on the review of relevant literatures, this paper points out the logical starting point of this study, and expounds the basic ideas of the study, the frame of writing and the specific research methods. The second part is the source of American civic education (the first chapter of the thesis). This paper discusses the European tradition of American civic education and the general situation of citizenship education in France, Britain and other European countries, which have a significant impact on American civic education since the revival of modern civic education. The third part is the discussion of the national citizen training (including the second, third, fourth chapters of the thesis). The second chapter mainly reveals the basic situation of the United colonial people whose educational system has not been established during the period of colonization, which sprouted the American citizen consciousness through ideology, religious feelings and revolutionary enlightenment. The third chapter discusses the practice of the public school movement to these ideas during the period from the founding of the country to the unification of the north and south under the concept of improving the quality of citizens and cultivating patriotic citizens. The fourth chapter systematically expounds the rapid development of urbanization in the United States, through the participation of professional associations, continue to promote "Americanization" of civic education, in order to promote the integration of new and old immigrants. Thus promotes the American citizen consciousness enhancement historical phenomenon. The fourth part is the cultivation of the world citizen (including the fifth chapter, the sixth chapter). The fifth chapter analyzes a series of tests, such as prosperity, depression, war, cold war, etc., on the basis of a series of tests such as prosperity, depression, war and the cold war, the American civic education is developing in twists and turns, and the evolution of its social science curriculum It shows signs of a shift in civic education goals in the United States. The sixth chapter mainly studies the goal of American civic education to break through the tendency of nationalism. As a result of the strength of other countries, terrorist revenge attacks and the economic crisis, the hegemony of the United States has suffered a heavy blow. With the globalization trend becoming clearer, under the common crisis faced by mankind, American civic education focuses on the cultivation of world citizens through the world communication and the change of the focus of the theme, while the social subject, as the main course of its civic education, shows the trend of globalization. The fifth part is the conclusion. This paper systematically summarizes the path of the development of American civic education, probes into the law of the development of American civic education, and excavates the fundamental motivation of the turning of American civic education goal based on the theory of citizenship change. And predicted the future trend of the development of American civic education.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：G571.2

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