基于政策工具视角的民办教育扶持及工作机制研究
发布时间：2018-10-08 19:42
【摘要】：政策工具是为了实现一定的政策目标所采取的机制、手段、技术和方法。政策工具理论引入中国以来,在科技、医疗、禁烟等众多公共管理领域和公共政策领域得到实践应用。在教育领域和民办教育领域,政策工具的应用研究和具体实践都已起步。 在对改革开放以来国家层面民办教育政策演变以及《民办教育促进法》颁布以来地方民办教育立法情况进行梳理的基础上,本文从纵向和横向角度对国家层面民办教育政策工具实践情况作了分析,从个案角度对地方层面民办教育政策工具实践情况作了评析,得出民办教育政策工具实践总体呈现出强制性程度逐渐降低,政策工具组合运用更富有灵活性和创造性等特征,同时得出影响政策工具成功实践的若干因素：须与政策目标相对应,与目标群体相对应,与政府能力相对应,与政策环境相对应,与评估机制相配套。 不论是政府官员,还是民办学校管理者,抑或是关注民办教育领域的学者,都认为当前民办教育政策仍面临很多亟待突破的瓶颈问题。这些问题的产生,最根本的原因之一是政府扶持政策未得到有效落实。这个结论在对上海民办教育的实证调查中得到验证,上海民办学校对当前民办教育政府扶持政策总体实施效果和扶持力度都不太满意。 为此,就民办教育政策扶持工具的设计、选择和实施,得出如下建议：客观分析民办教育发展以及前阶段政策扶持工具实践所面临的问题；明确政策扶持工具所要解决的短期、中期和长期目标；政策扶持工具的设计应广泛征求政府部门、民办学校甚至受教育者等利益相关者的意见,以求达成共识；政策扶持工具应尽可能实现意外情况下的可替代性；政策扶持工具的选择应遵循公平性、效率性、政治可行性、适应性、可控性等原则；政策扶持工具的实施应注重环境支持、过程支持、评估支持,并建立相应的纠偏机制。
[Abstract]:Policy tools are the mechanisms, means, techniques and methods used to achieve certain policy objectives. Since the introduction of policy tool theory into China, it has been applied in many fields of public administration and public policy, such as science and technology, medical treatment, smoking ban and so on. In the field of education and private education, the application and practice of policy tools have started. On the basis of the evolution of the policy of private education at the national level since the reform and opening up, and the legislative situation of local private education since the promulgation of the Law on the Promotion of Private Education, This paper analyzes the practice of the private education policy tools at the national level from the vertical and horizontal angles, and evaluates the practice of the local private education policy tools from the perspective of individual cases. It is concluded that the practice of private education policy tools generally presents the characteristics of gradual reduction of mandatory degree, more flexibility and creativity in the combination of policy tools and so on. At the same time, some factors influencing the successful practice of policy tools are obtained: corresponding to the policy objective, corresponding to the target group, corresponding to the government's ability, corresponding to the policy environment and matching with the evaluation mechanism. Both government officials, private school administrators and scholars concerned about the field of private education believe that the current private education policy still faces a lot of bottleneck problems that need to be broken through. One of the most fundamental reasons for these problems is that the government support policy has not been effectively implemented. This conclusion has been verified in the empirical investigation of private education in Shanghai. Shanghai private schools are not satisfied with the overall implementation effect and support strength of the current government support policy for private education. Therefore, on the basis of the design, selection and implementation of the policy support tools for private education, the following suggestions are drawn: objective analysis of the problems faced by the development of private education and the practice of the policy support tools in the previous stage, and a clear definition of the short-term policy support tools to be solved. Medium- and long-term objectives; the design of policy support tools should be widely consulted with stakeholders such as government departments, private schools and even educatees in order to reach consensus; policy support tools should be as replaceable as possible in unexpected situations; The choice of policy support tools should follow the principles of fairness, efficiency, political feasibility, adaptability and controllability, and the implementation of policy support tools should pay attention to environmental support, process support, evaluation support, and establish the corresponding correction mechanism.
【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：G522.72
本文编号：2258031
[Abstract]:Policy tools are the mechanisms, means, techniques and methods used to achieve certain policy objectives. Since the introduction of policy tool theory into China, it has been applied in many fields of public administration and public policy, such as science and technology, medical treatment, smoking ban and so on. In the field of education and private education, the application and practice of policy tools have started. On the basis of the evolution of the policy of private education at the national level since the reform and opening up, and the legislative situation of local private education since the promulgation of the Law on the Promotion of Private Education, This paper analyzes the practice of the private education policy tools at the national level from the vertical and horizontal angles, and evaluates the practice of the local private education policy tools from the perspective of individual cases. It is concluded that the practice of private education policy tools generally presents the characteristics of gradual reduction of mandatory degree, more flexibility and creativity in the combination of policy tools and so on. At the same time, some factors influencing the successful practice of policy tools are obtained: corresponding to the policy objective, corresponding to the target group, corresponding to the government's ability, corresponding to the policy environment and matching with the evaluation mechanism. Both government officials, private school administrators and scholars concerned about the field of private education believe that the current private education policy still faces a lot of bottleneck problems that need to be broken through. One of the most fundamental reasons for these problems is that the government support policy has not been effectively implemented. This conclusion has been verified in the empirical investigation of private education in Shanghai. Shanghai private schools are not satisfied with the overall implementation effect and support strength of the current government support policy for private education. Therefore, on the basis of the design, selection and implementation of the policy support tools for private education, the following suggestions are drawn: objective analysis of the problems faced by the development of private education and the practice of the policy support tools in the previous stage, and a clear definition of the short-term policy support tools to be solved. Medium- and long-term objectives; the design of policy support tools should be widely consulted with stakeholders such as government departments, private schools and even educatees in order to reach consensus; policy support tools should be as replaceable as possible in unexpected situations; The choice of policy support tools should follow the principles of fairness, efficiency, political feasibility, adaptability and controllability, and the implementation of policy support tools should pay attention to environmental support, process support, evaluation support, and establish the corresponding correction mechanism.
【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：G522.72
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