清末民初中国基督教大学的“合并化”运动
发布时间：2019-03-04 12:35
【摘要】：清末民初是中国社会大动荡的时期,中国基督教大学在内、外压力下顺应时事进行了一系列大规模的合并。由于此次合并让基督教大学在整体实力上以及各个分支上都得到了很大的提高,并成为当时中国教育界一支不可忽视的力量,因此具体考察此次基督教大学的合并化运动不仅有助于了解近代基督教大学的发展历程,而且也很值得当今中国大学的借鉴。本文主要从以下几个方面进行论述。 绪论部分：提出了研究本课题的原因、目的,并设定了本课题研究的时间,并对相关研究成果以及史料文献进行了梳理,界定了“差会”、“教会”、“教会大学”、“基督教大学”、“高校合并”、“合并高校”等重要概念,并对本文的研究意义、研究方法以及研究内容进行了介绍。 第一部分：由于合并有利于基督教大学在中国动荡的社会下生存和发展,并且有助于基督教大学在与公立大学以及其他私立大学的竞争中保持优势地位,最主要的是还能够更好的推进中国社会的“基督化”进程,从而促进宗教事业的推广,所以,很多传教士认为要想在中国动荡的社会中获得一席之地,合并是唯一也是最佳的选择,因此很乐忠于基督教大学的合并化事业。 第二部分：基督教大学的合并并不是一蹴而就、一帆风顺的,在整个合并的进程中,可谓障碍累累,困难重重。由于燕京大学的合并经历了一个漫长而曲折的过程,在基督教大学的合并化运动中很具有代表性,因此本文以燕京大学为个案,先是梳理了一下燕京大学合并的过程,然后详细总结了燕京大学在合并过程中遇到的重重障碍,其中包括合并前两所学校的办学理念不同,两所学校对合并后的新校的命名问题又长期僵持不下,在新校校址的选择上又存在分歧,对改组后的大学是否设置预科这一问题又有异议等,通过对燕京大学进行个案分析,进而透视清末民初这一时期基督教大学在整个合并化运动中所遇到的困难。 第三部分：各校因地制宜,优劣互补,不断的进行整合调整。考察了基督教大学合并的多种形式,总结了学院和学院之间的合并、男校和女校之间的合并、科系专业之间的合并这几种形式。 第四部分：考察了基督教大学在合并的过程中呈现出的诸多特点,总结了合并次数多、持续时间长、过程艰难而慎重、自下而上进行合并这几个特点。 第五部分：考察了基督教大学合并的成效,总结了合并后的基督教大学的显著变化,如办学规模不断扩大、层次不断提高,各种资源得到了重新整合和共享,学科特色也日益突出。 第六部分：此次基督教大学的合并是非常成功的,极大的提高了基督教大学的整体实力,在考察了此次合并成功的原因后总结了值得当今大学借鉴和反思的几点因素,比如一定要选定合适的学校领导以及合适的校址,还必须要有一个竞争而开放的环境和氛围等。
[Abstract]:The late Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China were a period of great social upheaval in China. Chinese Christian universities, including Christian universities, carried out a series of large-scale mergers under external pressure to conform to current events. As a result of this merger, Christian universities were greatly enhanced in overall strength and in various branches, and became a force that could not be ignored in China's education community at that time. Therefore, investigating the integration of Christian universities is not only helpful to understand the development of modern Christian universities, but also worthy of reference by Chinese universities. This paper mainly discusses from the following aspects. Introduction: put forward the reason and purpose of the research, set the time of the research, sort out the related research results and historical documents, define the "missionary meeting", "church university", and set the time of the research, as well as the related research results and historical documents, and defined the "missionary meeting" and "church university". Some important concepts, such as "Christian University", "combination of Universities" and "merged Universities", are introduced, and the research significance, research methods and research contents of this paper are also introduced. Part I: since the merger is conducive to the survival and development of Christian universities in a turbulent society in China, it also helps to maintain a dominant position in the competition between Christian universities and public universities and other private universities. The most important thing is that it can also better promote the process of "Christenization" in Chinese society, thereby promoting the promotion of religious undertakings. Therefore, many missionaries believe that they want to gain a place in China's turbulent society. Merger is the only and best option and is therefore happy to be loyal to the merger of Christian universities. The second part: the merger of Christian universities is not achieved overnight, smooth sailing, in the whole process of the merger, can be described as obstacles, difficulties. Because the merger of Yanjing University has experienced a long and tortuous process, it is very representative in the merging movement of Christian University. Therefore, this paper takes Yanjing University as an example, first of all, it combs the process of the merger of Yanjing University. Then it summarizes in detail the numerous obstacles encountered by Yanjing University in the process of merging, including the differences in the concept of running schools in the first two schools, and the long-standing stalemate between the two schools in naming the new schools after the merger. There are also differences in the choice of the new school site, and there are also objections to the question of whether the reorganized university will set up preparatory courses, and so on. Through the case analysis of Yanjing University, Then the difficulties encountered by Christian universities in the whole integration movement in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China were analyzed. The third part: each school adapts to the local conditions, the advantages and disadvantages complement each other, carries on the conformity adjustment ceaselessly. This paper investigates the various forms of the merger of Christian universities, and summarizes the merger between colleges and colleges, between boys' schools and girls' schools, and between specialties of departments and departments. The fourth part examines the characteristics of Christian universities in the process of merger, summarizes the characteristics of the merger, such as many times, long duration, difficult and prudent process, from the bottom up to the bottom of the merger, the characteristics of which are many times, long duration, difficult and prudent process. The fifth part examines the effectiveness of the merger of Christian universities, summarizes the remarkable changes of the merged Christian universities, such as the continuous expansion of the size of the school, the continuous improvement of the level, and the re-integration and sharing of all kinds of resources. The characteristics of the subject are becoming more and more prominent. Part VI: the merger of Christian universities is very successful, greatly improving the overall strength of Christian universities, after examining the reasons for the success of the merger, summed up some factors worthy of reference and reflection of today's universities. For example, must choose the right school leader and the right school site, but also must have a competitive and open environment and atmosphere.
【学位授予单位】：浙江师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：G529
本文编号：2434275
[Abstract]:The late Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China were a period of great social upheaval in China. Chinese Christian universities, including Christian universities, carried out a series of large-scale mergers under external pressure to conform to current events. As a result of this merger, Christian universities were greatly enhanced in overall strength and in various branches, and became a force that could not be ignored in China's education community at that time. Therefore, investigating the integration of Christian universities is not only helpful to understand the development of modern Christian universities, but also worthy of reference by Chinese universities. This paper mainly discusses from the following aspects. Introduction: put forward the reason and purpose of the research, set the time of the research, sort out the related research results and historical documents, define the "missionary meeting", "church university", and set the time of the research, as well as the related research results and historical documents, and defined the "missionary meeting" and "church university". Some important concepts, such as "Christian University", "combination of Universities" and "merged Universities", are introduced, and the research significance, research methods and research contents of this paper are also introduced. Part I: since the merger is conducive to the survival and development of Christian universities in a turbulent society in China, it also helps to maintain a dominant position in the competition between Christian universities and public universities and other private universities. The most important thing is that it can also better promote the process of "Christenization" in Chinese society, thereby promoting the promotion of religious undertakings. Therefore, many missionaries believe that they want to gain a place in China's turbulent society. Merger is the only and best option and is therefore happy to be loyal to the merger of Christian universities. The second part: the merger of Christian universities is not achieved overnight, smooth sailing, in the whole process of the merger, can be described as obstacles, difficulties. Because the merger of Yanjing University has experienced a long and tortuous process, it is very representative in the merging movement of Christian University. Therefore, this paper takes Yanjing University as an example, first of all, it combs the process of the merger of Yanjing University. Then it summarizes in detail the numerous obstacles encountered by Yanjing University in the process of merging, including the differences in the concept of running schools in the first two schools, and the long-standing stalemate between the two schools in naming the new schools after the merger. There are also differences in the choice of the new school site, and there are also objections to the question of whether the reorganized university will set up preparatory courses, and so on. Through the case analysis of Yanjing University, Then the difficulties encountered by Christian universities in the whole integration movement in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China were analyzed. The third part: each school adapts to the local conditions, the advantages and disadvantages complement each other, carries on the conformity adjustment ceaselessly. This paper investigates the various forms of the merger of Christian universities, and summarizes the merger between colleges and colleges, between boys' schools and girls' schools, and between specialties of departments and departments. The fourth part examines the characteristics of Christian universities in the process of merger, summarizes the characteristics of the merger, such as many times, long duration, difficult and prudent process, from the bottom up to the bottom of the merger, the characteristics of which are many times, long duration, difficult and prudent process. The fifth part examines the effectiveness of the merger of Christian universities, summarizes the remarkable changes of the merged Christian universities, such as the continuous expansion of the size of the school, the continuous improvement of the level, and the re-integration and sharing of all kinds of resources. The characteristics of the subject are becoming more and more prominent. Part VI: the merger of Christian universities is very successful, greatly improving the overall strength of Christian universities, after examining the reasons for the success of the merger, summed up some factors worthy of reference and reflection of today's universities. For example, must choose the right school leader and the right school site, but also must have a competitive and open environment and atmosphere.
【学位授予单位】：浙江师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：G529
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