一起学校聚集性肺结核疫情调查

发布时间：2018-01-17 00:06

本文关键词：一起学校聚集性肺结核疫情调查　出处：《中国学校卫生》2012年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的了解学生聚集性结核病疫情发生的原因,为学校肺结核病防控提供依据。方法对嵊州市某学校出现病例所有班级学生进行结核菌素(PPD)试验、X线胸部摄片,可疑者CT复查,对X线胸片检查或CT复查异常者给予痰涂片检查抗酸杆菌。结果首发病例为涂阳病人,患者出现症状后在密闭空调环境中与其他同学一起学习2个月,才被明确诊断并离校治疗,增加交叉感染的发病概率。本起疫情通过因症就诊、转诊和筛查共发现肺结核病31例,均为学生病例。其中涂阳肺结核4例、涂阴肺结核25例、结核性胸膜炎2例;18例有临床症状,13例无自觉症状;3-4月份为发病高峰。第1例阳性病例发现时间晚、就诊延误、持续接触、通风不良和学校分班是造成本次聚集性疫情的主要原因。结论应加强学校对传染病的管理,落实晨检和症状监测,以及时发现和隔离结核病病人,预防服药是聚集性肺结核疫情中密切接触者的有效预防手段。
[Abstract]:Objective to understand the causes of the epidemic of students' concentrated tuberculosis, and to provide the basis for the prevention and control of tuberculosis in schools. Methods the PPDs test was performed on all class students of a school in Shengzhou. X-ray chest radiographs, CT reexamination of suspicious cases, sputum smear examination of acid-fast bacilli were given to those with abnormal X-ray or CT reexamination. Results the first case was smear positive patients. Patients developed symptoms in the airtight air conditioning environment and other students to learn for 2 months before being clearly diagnosed and left school treatment to increase the incidence of cross-infection. A total of 31 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis were found by referral and screening, including 4 cases of smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis, 25 cases of smear negative pulmonary tuberculosis and 2 cases of tuberculous pleurisy. 18 cases had clinical symptoms and 13 cases had no conscious symptoms. March-April was the peak of the disease. The first positive case was found late, delayed visit and continued contact. Conclusion the management of infectious diseases in schools should be strengthened, morning checkup and symptom monitoring should be carried out in order to detect and isolate tuberculosis patients in time. Preventive medication is an effective means of prevention for close contacts in the epidemic of aggregated pulmonary tuberculosis.
【作者单位】：浙江省嵊州市疾病预防控制中心;
【分类号】：G478.2
【正文快照】： 2010年3月24日和30日,嵊州市人民医院出现2例涂阳肺结核病人,均为某校高二年级学生。根据浙江省结核病疫情应急处置技术方案,嵊州市疾病预防控制中心开展了相关流行病学调查处置,随后进行大规模的筛查及疫源追溯,分析相关的影响因素,探索有效的学校肺结核病防控机制。1一般情

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