农村学校饮用水与环境卫生干预效果评估

发布时间：2018-06-07 21:25

本文选题：饮水 + 环境卫生　；参考：《中国学校卫生》2013年02期

【摘要】：目的完善农村学校饮用水和环境卫生设施现状,并进行健康教育,以改善农村小学生卫生知识水平和形成正确卫生行为。方法采用流行病学实验研究的方法,以河北、江苏、云南的8所农村学校小学生为干预对象,以小学生卫生知识知晓情况和卫生行为形成情况作为干预效果指标,比较干预措施实施的效果。结果小学生"预防腹泻"、"水传播疾病"、"粪便传播疾病"的知晓率分别从干预前的84.78%,68.13%和15.63%上升至干预后的95.06%,82.72%和40.74%,差异均有统计学意义(P值均0.05);"便后洗手"、"生吃瓜果蔬菜洗净"、"经常剪指甲"和"手干净"行为的形成率分别从干预前的47.39%,66.36%,93.50%和78.57%上升至干预后的96.54%,97.53%,99.51%和99.75%,差异均有统计学意义(P值均0.05)。结论为在校学生提供卫生行为形成所必需的设施和相关知识,是提高学生卫生知识知晓率和卫生行为形成率的有效措施。
[Abstract]:Objective to improve the present situation of drinking water and sanitation facilities in rural schools and carry out health education so as to improve the health knowledge level and form correct hygiene behavior of rural primary school students. Methods the primary school students in 8 rural schools in Hebei, Jiangsu and Yunnan were used as the intervention objects, and the knowledge of hygiene knowledge and the formation of hygiene behavior were taken as the intervention effect index. Compare the effect of intervention. Results the awareness rates of "preventing diarrhea", "waterborne disease" and "fecal transmitted disease" in primary school students increased from 84.78% and 15.63% before intervention to 95.06% and 40.74% after intervention, respectively. The difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The formation rate of "regular fingernail clipping" and "hand cleanliness" increased from 93.50% and 78.57% before intervention to 99.51% and 99.75% after intervention, respectively. The differences were all statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion it is an effective measure to provide students with the necessary facilities and relevant knowledge for the formation of hygienic behavior.
【作者单位】：中国疾病预防控制中心农村改水技术指导中心;中国妇女发展基金会;
【基金】：中国妇女发展基金会资助项目
【分类号】：G478

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