4-6岁儿童数学元认知的发展研究

发布时间：2018-01-05 21:15

本文关键词：4-6岁儿童数学元认知的发展研究　出处：《东北师范大学》2008年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 美国社会认知发展心理学的创立者John Hurley Flavell在对儿童思维过程进行研究的基础上提出了元认知的概念,即元认知(metacognition)是主体对自身认知活动的认知。元认知的提出引发了学者们对传统智力的反思,成为认知心理学和教育心理学关注的又一焦点。从此,与儿童有关的元记忆、元模仿、阅读理解元认知、数学元认知等研究蓬勃兴起。本文在以往元认知和数学元认知研究的基础上,采用实验法,以加、减运算为切入点,探索4～6岁儿童数学元认知的发展趋势、年龄特点和性别差异。并在此基础上提出教育建议,以期改变教师数学教学的方式与方法,为儿童已经萌发的数学元认知发展提供适宜的土壤。本研究对数学元认知构成三要素(数学元认知知识、数学元认知体验和数学元认知监控)及各要素所含子维度进行了全面研究,其结论为: (1)4～6岁儿童数学元认知随年龄增长而有所提高,但在其构成要素的发展上又存在年龄的特殊性。6岁是儿童数学元认知知识和数学元认知监控发展的重要时期,数学元认知体验在5岁时快速发展。 (2)4～6岁儿童数学元认知体验的发展好于数学元认知知识和数学元认知监控的发展水平。 (3)4～6岁儿童在减法中的数学元认知体验明显好于在加法中的数学元认知体验,但在数学元认知知识和数学元认知监控方面却无显著性差异。 (4)4～6岁儿童数学元认知的发展无明显的性别差异。 (5)虽然测试中儿童乐观主义现象随年龄增长而有所降低,但乐观主义现象始终伴随着儿童数学元认知的发展过程。
[Abstract]:The American Psychological Society founder John Hurley Flavell cognitive development put forward the concept of metacognition in the foundation of research on children's thinking process, namely meta cognition (metacognition) is cognitive subject's cognitive activities. The meta cognition attracts scholars reflection on the traditional intelligence, cognitive psychology and educational psychology become concerned another focus. Since then, metamemory, child related element imitation, reading comprehension, metacognitive research, mathematical meta cognition is booming.
Based on the previous research on cognitive element and mathematical meta cognition, by using the experimental method, subtraction, as the starting point, to explore the development trend of 4 ~ 6 years old children's Mathematical Metacognition, age characteristics and gender differences. And on the basis of education, change the teachers' teaching ways and methods to period, provide suitable soil for the development of children's Mathematical Metacognition has germinated.
In this study, three elements of Mathematical Metacognition (metacognitive knowledge, metacognitive experience and metacognitive cognition) and the sub dimensions of each element were studied.
(1) 4~6 years old children's Mathematical Metacognition increased with age, but there was a special age in the development of its constituent elements..6 years old is an important period for children's metacognitive knowledge and metacognitive monitoring. Metacognitive experience is developing rapidly at the age of 5.
(2) the development of mathematical metacognitive experience for 4~6 years old children is better than the development level of mathematical metacognitive knowledge and mathematical metacognitive monitoring.
(3) the 4~6 year old children's metacognitive experience in subtraction is obviously better than that in addition to mathematics metacognitive experience, but there is no significant difference in metacognitive knowledge and metacognitive monitoring.
(4) there is no significant gender difference in the development of Mathematical Metacognition for 4~6 years old children.
(5) although the phenomenon of children's optimism decreases with age, the phenomenon of optimism is always accompanied by the development of children's Mathematical Metacognition.

【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：G613.4

【引证文献】