幼儿对身体生长相关概念认知的研究

发布时间：2018-02-16 18:28

本文关键词： 幼儿概念认知身体生长　出处：《南京师范大学》2007年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 本研究主要采用访谈法，通过下定义和原因解释两个途径考察了300名45个月到80个月的幼儿对身体生长相关概念(生命、心脏、脑、皮肤、男孩、女孩、出生、长大、衰老、死亡)的认知。通过对访谈结果的整理归纳和编码，研究者得出幼儿对身体生长相关概念定义的十二种形式：不知道、认知不准确、原词造句、具体举例、原因描述、结果描述、措施描述、性别角色、直观特征、重要属性、实际功用和种属关系。幼儿主要以直观特征形式为身体生长相关概念下定义。研究者将十二种定义形式划分为三种水平，结果发现：33.63％的幼儿对身体生长相关概念的定义处于水平一，即对概念缺乏理解；49.34％的幼儿处于水平二，即从具体客体或可直接感知的外部特征来掌握概念；17.03％的幼儿处于水平三，即从客体非直觉的内在属性或人与事物、事物与事物之间的关系来给身体生长相关概念下定义。此外，研究者又运用SPSS对资料进行量化分析，分别揭示了幼儿对身体生长相关概念认知的年龄特点、性别特点和园所特点。研究结果显示：幼儿对十个身体生长相关概念的定义水平都存在显著的年龄差异；对“生命”和“男孩”的定义水平存在显著的性别差异，表现为男孩的定义水平高于女孩；对“生命”、“心脏”、“脑”、“皮肤”和“女孩”这五个概念的定义水平存在显著的园所差异，表现为园A幼儿的定义水平高于园B幼儿。通过研究发现，幼儿对身体生长相关概念的原因解释共有八种形式：没有解释、不准确解释、举例解释、依据表现解释、依据结果解释、依据后果解释、依据措施解释和直接原因解释。直接原因解释是幼儿原因解释的主要形式，人数比例为49.80％。在此基础上，研究者对幼儿身体生长相关概念认知的特点进行了综合讨论，得出幼儿对身体生长相关概念的认知可能受到幼儿思维水平、生活经验、概念本身特点以及教育因素的影响，，并对幼儿身体生长教育提出了一些建议。最后，研究者对本研究进行了反思，提出了需要继续改进的地方。
[Abstract]:In this study, we investigated the concepts of body growth (life, heart, brain, skin, boys, girls, birth, growing up, aging) in 300 children (45 to 80 months old) by defining and explaining the reasons. (death). Through the analysis and coding of the interview results, the researchers concluded that there are 12 forms of definition of children's concepts related to body growth: ignorance, inaccuracy of cognition, construction of original words, concrete examples, description of reasons, description of results, description of measures, and so on. Gender roles, visual features, important attributes, practical functions and species relationship. Children are mainly defined in the form of intuitive characteristics for the concept of body growth. The researchers divided 12 definitions into three levels. The results showed that 33.63% of young children had a level 1 definition of body growth related concepts, that is, 49.34% of children with a lack of understanding of concepts were at level two. That is to say, 17.03% of children are at level three to grasp the concept from concrete objects or directly perceptible external characteristics, that is, to define the concepts related to body growth from the intrinsic attributes of non-intuitive objects or the relationship between people and things, between things and things. Using SPSS to quantify the data, the researchers revealed the age characteristics of children's cognition of body growth related concepts. Gender characteristics and Garden characteristics. The results showed that there were significant age differences in the definition levels of ten concepts related to body growth in young children, and significant gender differences in the definition levels of "life" and "boys". The definition level of boys is higher than that of girls, and the definition level of "life", "heart", "brain", "skin" and "girl" is significantly different. Through the study, we found that there are eight forms of explanation for the causes of related concepts of body growth in young children: no explanation, inaccurate interpretation, illustrative interpretation, interpretation based on performance, interpretation based on results, interpretation based on consequences. According to the measures and the direct reason explanation, the direct reason explanation is the main form of the infant cause explanation, the ratio of the number of people is 49.80. On this basis, the characteristics of children's cognition of body growth related concepts are discussed synthetically, and it is concluded that children's cognition of body growth related concepts may be influenced by children's thinking level and life experience. The characteristics of the concept and the influence of educational factors, and some suggestions for the education of infant body growth are put forward. Finally, the researcher reflects on this study and points out the need for further improvement.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：G610

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