教学活动中优秀幼儿教师心智活动的个案研究

发布时间：2018-09-18 20:03

【摘要】： 自上个世纪七八十年代开始,优秀教师研究的视角由集中于外显教育行为向内在心智活动转变,出现了大批研究优秀教师教学思想、计划、决策以及反思的文章。研究人员认为:“研究教师仅研究他们怎样教是不够的,还要研究他们的认知方面,学习他们是怎样思考的”。但是这些研究主要发生在国外,且视角集中于中小学优秀教师,对优秀幼儿教师的心智活动研究较少。我国优秀教师研究受导于国外研究,整体步伐慢于国外,致力于研究优秀教师心智活动的人寥寥,研究优秀幼儿教师心智活动的人更是少之又少。基于世界性的研究趋势以及我国对优秀幼儿教师心智活动研究尚少的现实状况,本文以集体教学活动为切入点,以教学活动开展的前中后三个阶段为研究范围,通过质性的个案研究,对优秀幼儿教师的心智活动进行了分析,得出了若干具有一定借鉴意义的研究成果。文章从三个纬度对研究结果进行了论述,分别是:优秀幼儿教师在教学活动全程中具体的心智活动;对教学行为发挥指导作用的个人教学理念;影响优秀幼儿教师心智活动的相关因素。具体来说: 纬度一属于微观层次的分析,呈现了研究对象自教学设计阶段确定教学目标到活动结束后进行反思等一系列环节中,遵循的各种依据和原则,以及非常关注或重视的一些问题或者内容。例如:关于如何预防教学问题,她极为关注情绪控制以及规则和要求。具体环节涉及教学目标的设定,教学方法的选择与运用,教学内容的选择与组织,教学活动中的提问,教学活动实施过程中预防与解决教学问题,以及教学活动后的反思等。纬度二是对研究对象教育理念的分析,分别从适宜、开放、整合、前瞻、高素质、最大受益等六个方面呈现。纬度三从主客观两个角度九个方面剖析了教学活动中影响优秀幼儿教师心智活动的相关因素。这九个方面分别是:同事间的合作交流,幼儿园的教学规划,幼儿园的教学规划,教师的家庭,教育理论,教学经验,对幼儿的了解,教学理念,性格特点。
[Abstract]:Since the 1970s and 1980s, the research perspective of excellent teachers has changed from focusing on explicit educational behavior to internal mental activities, and a large number of articles have appeared to study the teaching ideas, plans, decisions and reflections of excellent teachers. "it is not enough to study how teachers teach, but to study their cognitive aspects and how they think," the researchers said. But these studies mainly take place in foreign countries, and focus on the excellent teachers in primary and secondary schools, and there are few researches on the mental activities of excellent preschool teachers. The research of excellent teachers in our country is guided by foreign research, and the whole step is slower than that of foreign countries. Few people devote themselves to studying the mental activities of excellent teachers, and few of them study the mental activities of excellent preschool teachers. Based on the worldwide research trend and the fact that there are few researches on the mental activities of excellent preschool teachers in our country, this paper takes collective teaching activities as the starting point and takes the former, middle and last three stages of teaching activities as the research scope. Through qualitative case study, this paper analyzes the mental activities of excellent preschool teachers, and draws some research results of certain significance. This paper discusses the results of the research from three aspects: the specific mental activities of excellent preschool teachers in the whole course of teaching activities, the personal teaching ideas that play a guiding role in teaching behavior, and the following aspects: 1. Factors related to mental activities of excellent preschool teachers. Specifically, latitude one belongs to the micro-level analysis, which presents the various bases and principles that the research object follows in a series of links from the stage of teaching design to the reflection after the end of the activity. As well as a lot of attention or attention to some issues or content. For example, on how to prevent teaching, she is extremely concerned with emotional control and rules and requirements. The specific links involve the setting of teaching objectives, the selection and application of teaching methods, the selection and organization of teaching contents, the questioning in teaching activities, the prevention and solution of teaching problems during the implementation of teaching activities, and the reflection after teaching activities. The second is the analysis of the educational concept of the object of study, which is presented from six aspects: suitability, openness, integration, foresight, high quality and maximum benefit. Latitude three analyzes the related factors that affect the mental activities of excellent preschool teachers in teaching activities from two angles of subjective and objective. These nine aspects are: cooperation and exchange among colleagues, teaching planning of kindergarten, teacher's family, educational theory, teaching experience, understanding of children, teaching idea and character characteristics.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：G612

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