民办高职院校教学精细化管理研究

发布时间：2018-05-03 19:09

本文选题：民办 + 高职院校　；参考：《武汉大学》2013年博士论文

【摘要】：在结合民办高职院校教学管理的基础上,尝试对我国民办高职院校的教学精细化管理做一个比较全面的、系统的、集中的探讨。由于本研究基于武汉某民办高职院校所开展,出于学术原理的考量,不便公开这所学校的名称,但基于对该学校的研究具有普遍意义。本研究主题是民办高职院校的教学管理现状、存在的问题和产生这些问题的原因,目的是促进我国民办高职院校借鉴企业精细化的管理模式来实现教学管理的精细化。鉴于此,本研究首先阐述了本研究的背景和意义。由于目前民办高职院校教学管理中存在着诸多迫切需要解决的问题,教学质量难以保证,同时,教学改革推进缓慢,因此提出了把企业精细化管理引进民办高职院校教学管理并使两者实现融合的现实需要。另外,在综合各方面对精细化管理认识的基础上,对国内外有关精细化的研究动态进行了文献综述,指出了已有研究在目标、内容、组织和评价方面的现状与不足。对精细化管理的研究一定要有理论支撑。精细化管理是一种理念,一种文化,它是建立在常规管理的基础上,并将常规管理引向深入的基本思想和管理模式,是一种以最大限度地减少管理所占用的资源和降低管理成本为主要目标的管理方式。接着探讨了科学管理、行为科学理论和泰勒原理中的精细化管理理论,并结合泰勒原理总结出了精细化管理的内涵,包括目标、内容、组织和评价四个方面,借鉴全面质量管理(TQM)和国际质量标准体系(ISO9000)作为检验精细化管理的两个标准,并把它们运用于教育和教学管理领域,同时提出了精细化管理在目标、内容、组织和评价四个方面的内涵和具体方法。结合武汉某民办高职院校教学管理的个案研究、问卷调查以及个人教学管理经验,阐述了民办高职院校教学精细化管理在目标、内容、组织和评价方面的现状。民办高职院校已经逐步意识到加大课程建设、专业建设、实训基地建设投入的必要性,积极引进高素质的师资力量,教学管理人员素质层次不断提升,工作效率也不断提高,正在朝着适应高职教育发展的方向上努力,更好的实现人才培养目标。同时,许多民办高职院校真正意识到了高职必须“走校企合作之路”,进一步加强与企业在人才培养过程中的合作,重视教学质量监控、教学督导和常规教学检查等教学管理的各个环节,取得了一定的成绩。虽然民办高职院校在教学精细化管理上取得了一定的进步,但目前仍然存在诸多问题,就这些问题及产生的原因从目标、内容、组织和评价四个方面展开了深入的分析。民办高职院校对人才培养目标定位不明确,高职特点不突出,培养模式改革步伐缓慢,未能取得突破性进展,尚未真正建立适应工作岗位需要的的人才培养方案。教学精细化管理内容的各环节中也都存在一些不足,在专业建设方面,教学模式的改革研究有待深入,实训环节滞后,学生动手操作能力培养欠缺；在实训基地建设方面,对市场和岗位的针对性差,技术相对滞后；双师队伍建设方面,缺乏激励“双师型”教师队伍建设的措施和政策导向,“双师型”教师引进的渠道不畅；校企合作主要还是“生产实习式”的浅层次合作模式。许多民办高职院校教学组织各部门之间没有建立起一套完整、精细的服务体系及目标管理和过程管理相结合的考核评价体系,各自为政,互相推卸责任的现象时有发生；一些院校对教学精细化管理绩效考核的认识不足,目的不够明确,指标不够完善,对绩效管理的过程把握不够；而在教学质量检测这一环节,教学督导过程仍然重在“督”,但“导”不足。鉴于上述问题,本论文提出了实现民办高职院校教学精细化管理的具体对策。进一步明确高职教育的办学定位、培养目标,推行教学目标管理模式改革,解决理论与实践教学、学科知识体系和行动能力体系等矛盾,抓好精细化人才培养质量监控系统和服务保障系统建设。执行民办高职院校教学精细化管理内容,深层次探讨工学结合的人才培养方案,努力创新人才培养模式,提高人才培养质量,走校企合作之路；积极改进期中教学检查的方式,加大教学管理力度,完善质量保障体系。抓好教学质量检测,理清教学督导工作中各因素之间的关系。加强民办高职院校教学精细化管理的组织,明确教学组织各部门的职责,开展教学精细化管理的绩效考核。促进民办高职院校教学精细化管理的评价,抓好教学评估,做好教学管理配套服务特别是人事制度改革,坚持不懈,推进后勤保障体系建设。最后,在总结全部研究的基础上得出了一些基本结论：教学管理问题是民办高职院校实现可持续发展的根本问题；引入精细化管理思想、原则和具体方法是民办高职院校解决教学管理问题的根本方法；人才培养方案、教学组织实施、教学质量检测与评估、考核和激励都是成功实施教学精细化管理的关键性举措。精细化管理的本质意义就在于,它是对战略和目标分解细化和执行的过程,是让民办高职院校的战略规划能有效贯彻到每个环节并发挥作用的过程,同时也是提升院校整体执行能力的一个重要途径。一个民办高职院校在教学管理上确立了精细化管理的思路后,重要的就是结合院校发展的现状,按照“精细”的思路,找准关键问题、薄弱环节,分阶段进行,每阶段性完成一个体系,便实施运转、完善一个体系,并牵动修改相关体系,只有这样才能最终整合全部体系,实现精细管理工程在学校发展中的功能、效果、作用。
[Abstract]:On the basis of combining the teaching management of private higher vocational colleges, this paper tries to make a comprehensive, systematic and centralized approach to the fine management of the teaching of Private Higher Vocational Colleges in China. Because this study is based on a private higher vocational college in Wuhan, it is inconvenient to open the name of the school for the sake of academic principles, but it is based on the study of this school. The study of school is of universal significance. The subject of this study is the present situation of teaching management in private higher vocational colleges, the existing problems and the reasons for these problems. The purpose is to promote the refinement of the teaching management by the private higher vocational colleges in our country for reference of the fine management model of enterprises.
In view of this, this study first expounds the background and significance of this study. Because there are many urgent problems that need to be solved in the teaching management of private higher vocational colleges, the quality of teaching is difficult to guarantee, and the teaching reform is slow to push forward. In addition, on the basis of the comprehensive understanding of fine management in all aspects, a literature review of the research on refined research at home and abroad is carried out, and the status and shortcomings of the existing research in the aspects of target, content, organization and evaluation are pointed out.
The study of fine management must have theoretical support. Fine management is a concept, a culture. It is based on the conventional management, and introduces the conventional management to the deep basic ideas and management patterns. It is a management goal to minimize the resources occupied by management and reduce the cost of management. Then we discuss the scientific management, the behavioral science theory and the fine management theory in Taylor's principle, and combine the Taylor principle to sum up the connotation of fine management, including four aspects of target, content, organization and evaluation, and draw on the comprehensive quality management (TQM) and the international quality standard system (ISO9000) as the inspection fine management. The two standards are applied to the field of education and teaching management. At the same time, the connotation and specific methods of four aspects of fine management in target, content, organization and evaluation are put forward.
According to the case study of teaching management in a private higher vocational college in Wuhan, questionnaire survey and personal teaching management experience, the present situation of the goal, content, organization and evaluation of the fine management of the teaching of private higher vocational colleges has been expounded. The private vocational colleges have gradually realized that the construction of the curriculum, the construction of the specialty and the construction of the training base have been gradually realized. The necessity, the positive introduction of high quality teachers, the continuous improvement of the quality level of the teaching managers, the continuous improvement of the work efficiency, the efforts to adapt to the development of higher vocational education, and the better realization of the goal of training the talents. One step is to strengthen cooperation with enterprises in the process of training talents, attach importance to the teaching quality monitoring, teaching supervision and routine teaching inspection and other aspects of teaching management, and have achieved certain achievements.
Although private higher vocational colleges have made certain progress in the fine management of teaching, there are still a lot of problems. These problems and the causes are analyzed from four aspects, the target, the content, the organization and the evaluation. The private vocational colleges are not clear about the target orientation of the talents training, the characteristics of the higher vocational education are not outstanding and the training model is not outstanding. The pace of reform is slow, failure to make breakthrough progress, not really set up a talent training program to meet the needs of the job. There are also some shortcomings in all aspects of the content of teaching fine management. In the field of professional construction, the reform of teaching mode needs to be further studied, the training link is lagging behind, and the training of the students' hands-on operation ability is not enough. In the field of training base construction, the target of the market and post is poor and the technology is lagging behind, and the construction of the double teachers lacks the measures and policy guidance to encourage the construction of the "double teacher type" teachers. The channels for the "double teacher" teachers are not smooth, and the school enterprise cooperation is mainly a shallow cooperation mode of "production practice". Many non-governmental colleges and universities have not set up a complete, fine service system and the combination of target management and process management in various departments of private higher vocational colleges. The index is not perfect, and the process of performance management is not grasped enough. In the link of teaching quality testing, the process of teaching supervision is still heavy on the "governor", but the "guide" is insufficient.
In view of the above problems, this paper puts forward the concrete countermeasures to realize the fine management of the teaching of private higher vocational colleges, to further clarify the orientation of the higher vocational education, to train the goal, to carry out the reform of the teaching objective management mode, to solve the contradiction between the theory and practice teaching, the knowledge system of the subject and the system of action ability, so as to make a fine quality of the quality of the training of talents. Quantity monitoring system and service guarantee system construction. Carry out the detailed teaching management content of private higher vocational colleges, deeply explore the training program of combining work with engineering, strive to innovate the training mode of talents, improve the quality of talent training, take the way of cooperation between school and enterprise, improve the mode of teaching examination in the period of time, increase the management of teaching and improve quality. Measure the teaching quality and clarify the relationship between the various factors in the teaching supervision, strengthen the organization of the fine management of the teaching of the private higher vocational colleges, clear the responsibilities of the various departments of the teaching organization, carry out the performance appraisal of the fine management of the teaching, and promote the evaluation of the fine management of the teaching of the private higher vocational colleges, and grasp the teaching evaluation well. It is estimated that we should do a good job in teaching management supporting services, especially personnel system reform, unremitting efforts, and promote the construction of logistical support system.
Finally, on the basis of the summary of all the research, some basic conclusions are drawn: the problem of teaching management is the fundamental problem for the sustainable development of private higher vocational colleges, and the introduction of fine management ideas, principles and specific methods are the basic methods to solve the problem of teaching management in private vocational colleges, the training program and the implementation of the teaching organization. Teaching quality inspection and evaluation, assessment and motivation are key measures for successful implementation of fine teaching management.
The essential meaning of fine management lies in that it is the process of refining and executing the strategy and target, and it is an important way to promote the strategic planning of private vocational colleges effectively to each link and play an important role. At the same time, it is also an important way to improve the overall executive ability of the colleges and universities. A private vocational college is sure of the teaching management. After setting up the thought of fine management, it is important to combine the present situation of the development of colleges and universities. According to the "fine" idea, the key problems, the weak links, the stages carried out, each stage complete a system, the implementation of the system, the perfection of a system, and the modification of the system of phase clearance, only in this way can the whole system be integrated, and the essence can be realized. The function, effect and function of fine management engineering in school development.

【学位授予单位】：武汉大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：G717

【参考文献】