基于德国“双元制”的高等职业教育校企合作研究

发布时间：2018-10-21 16:21

【摘要】：在我国,高等职业教育可以说是随着80年代初期全国各地(尤其是一些中型城市)短期职业大学的兴起而兴起的。直到20世纪末,各高等职业教育院校引入“一年三学期,工学交替”的校企合作,标志着我国高等职业教育观念的与时俱进与实践的逐渐成熟,也标志着我国高等职业教育走向有中国特色的高等职业教育道路。可以说,校企合作在高等职业教育院校的发展中取得了一定的成果,其优势也在社会中有所体现,对人才培养与市场经济发展起到积极作用。然而目前校企合作仍处于探索阶段,存在着一定的困难与问题:包括我国校企合作管理主体的责、权、利划分不清,职业教育校企共同主导的合作法律规章制度还没有规范地建立起来,也没有第三方能够协调学校与企业之间的合作。高等职业教育校企合作缺乏专门性法规,经费筹措问题,社会、高职院校、企业对高职校企合作缺乏足够的重视等等。本研究采用文献法,以带着疑问的方式,在从书籍、学术期刊、学术研究报告等渠道收集整理相关文献的过程中,了解了德国“双元制”职教模式、我国高等职业教育校企合作现状的研究状况,认识到已有研究的不足和有待商榷之处。并且用比较分析法,在不同的角度上对中德两国校企合作进行比较分析,寻求一些解决我国校企合作问题的对策。同时,通过调查研究法加深了解我国目前校企合作的实况。本文共分为四章,绪论主要针对选题背景、研究意义、研究方法及目前国内外研究情况进行阐述。第一章主要针对核心概念的界定及校企合作的理论基础。第二章从世界校企合作的优秀典范--德国“双元制”找出对我国的启示。第三章主要对我国目前校企合作的实际情况进行研究,找出其存在的问题与困难。最后一章则根据我国校企合作的一些问题并借鉴德国校企合作的精华,试图研究并解决所存在的问题,包括强化行业协会在职业教育中的功能和地位、密切结合生产实际加强校本教材建设、加强“双师型”师资队伍建设、建立职业教育管理专门机构、建立新型高等职业教育运行体系、通过签订合作合同,明确校企双方的责、权、利,制定优先发展职业教育的政策、构建职业教育国家决策机制、改革职业教育经费投入的保障机制、转变传统观念、形成正确的教育观等等。
[Abstract]:In China, higher vocational education can be said to rise with the rise of short-term vocational universities in various parts of the country (especially in some medium-sized cities) in the early 1980s. Until the end of the 20th century, the colleges and universities of higher vocational education introduced the cooperation of "one year, three semesters, alternating work and learning", which indicates that the concept of higher vocational education in our country is advancing with the times and the practice is maturing gradually. It also marks the trend of higher vocational education with Chinese characteristics. It can be said that the cooperation between schools and enterprises has made certain achievements in the development of higher vocational education institutions, and its advantages are also reflected in the society, which plays a positive role in the cultivation of talents and the development of market economy. However, at present, the cooperation between school and enterprise is still in the exploratory stage, and there are some difficulties and problems: including the responsibility, power and benefit of the main body of the management of the cooperation between the school and the enterprise in our country. The cooperation between school and enterprise has not been standardized, and no third party can coordinate the cooperation between school and enterprise. The cooperation between colleges and enterprises in higher vocational education is lack of special regulations, financing problems, society, higher vocational colleges, enterprises, lack of enough attention to the cooperation of higher vocational schools and enterprises, and so on. In the course of collecting and sorting relevant documents from books, academic journals, academic research reports and other channels, this study has understood the German "dual system" vocational education model. The present situation of cooperation between colleges and enterprises in higher vocational education in China is studied. With the method of comparative analysis, this paper makes a comparative analysis of the cooperation between Chinese and German schools and enterprises from different angles, and tries to find some countermeasures to solve the problems of cooperation between schools and enterprises in our country. At the same time, through the investigation and research method to deepen understanding of the current situation of cooperation between schools and enterprises in China. This paper is divided into four chapters. The introduction mainly focuses on the background, research significance, research methods and current research situation at home and abroad. The first chapter focuses on the definition of core concepts and the theoretical basis of school-enterprise cooperation. The second chapter finds out the enlightenment to our country from the excellent model of the cooperation between schools and enterprises in the world-Germany's dual system. The third chapter mainly studies the actual situation of the cooperation between schools and enterprises in our country, and finds out the existing problems and difficulties. In the last chapter, according to some problems of cooperation between schools and enterprises in our country and the essence of the cooperation between German schools and enterprises, we try to study and solve the existing problems, including strengthening the functions and status of trade associations in vocational education. Strengthen the construction of school-based teaching materials, strengthen the construction of "double-qualified" teaching staff, establish specialized institutions of vocational education management, establish a new operational system of higher vocational education, and make clear the responsibilities of both schools and enterprises through the signing of cooperative contracts. The policy of giving priority to the development of vocational education, the construction of the national decision-making mechanism of vocational education, the reform of the guarantee mechanism for the investment of funds in vocational education, the transformation of traditional concepts, the formation of a correct outlook on education, etc.
【学位授予单位】：青海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G719.516

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