高职护理专业毕业生职业适应性调查研究

发布时间：2018-11-07 14:13

【摘要】：职业适应性是指个体对职业技能、环境、人际关系及职业心理等方面的适应过程和适应结果，是人与职业的相互协调和有机统一的过程。护理专业学生踏入临床工作后，由于学习、生活、人际环境的骤然变化，学校所学的理论知识和临床实践的差距，理想中“白衣天使”形象与现实中护士工作艰辛的巨大落差，使每个学生都面临着从生理到心理的一系列调整适应。在现代护理人员综合素质中，护理人员职业态度已成为首要成分，在素质优化过程中占主导地位。进行各种社会实践活动，强化护生人生观、价值观的教育；引导、帮助护生建立正确的认知体系，增强其职业适应能力。而提高学生的适应能力，也是全面提高学生综合素质教育的重要内容之一。为了更好地了解和帮助护理学生适应临床工作环境，本研究采用调查问卷的方式，参考国内外对于适应性研究的成果，结合护理工作的实际特征，编制了高职护理专业毕业生职业适应不良评价量表，以抽样调查的方式对我市某所高职院校的护理专业学生发放调查问卷，对235名2013年应届毕业生进行了调查研究，研究结果表明：我国高职护理专业毕业生职业适应性不容乐观，总分为140分，平均得分为94.80分；不同毕业生特征，其职业适应性也不同：具有正式在编毕业生适应性优于非正式在编的毕业生、收入较高的毕业生优于收入较低的学、城市毕业生优于农村毕业生、非独生子女优于独生子女的特点；导致职业适应不良的常见原因分别是害怕临床出错、同事冷漠、受到不公平待遇和不被尊重、理论与实际脱节、工作环境陌生，而怕被病人及家属责骂、人际关系复杂等，亦应引起重视。针对上述现象，本文提出了明确高职教育的培养目标、优化课程设置、实施对岗教育，，同时应帮助学生树立正确的职业价值观的高职护理专业教育的建议及对策。
[Abstract]:Occupational adaptability refers to the process and result of individual adaptation to vocational skills, environment, interpersonal relationships and occupational psychology. It is a process of mutual coordination and organic unity between people and occupations. After nursing students entered clinical work, due to the sudden changes in their study, life and interpersonal environment, the gap between the theoretical knowledge learned in school and clinical practice, the ideal image of "angel in white" and the huge gap between the arduous work of nurses in reality, Each student is faced with a series of adjustments from the physical to the psychological. In the comprehensive quality of modern nursing staff, the professional attitude of nursing staff has become the primary component, which plays a leading role in the process of quality optimization. We should carry out various social practice activities, strengthen the education of nursing students' outlook on life and values, and guide them to establish a correct cognitive system and enhance their ability to adapt to occupation. Improving students' adaptability is also one of the important contents of comprehensive quality education. In order to better understand and help nursing students adapt to the clinical work environment, this study adopts the method of questionnaire, referring to the domestic and foreign research results for adaptability, combining with the actual characteristics of nursing work. The evaluation scale of occupational maladjustment of nursing graduates in higher vocational colleges was compiled. The questionnaire was distributed to the nursing students of a vocational college in our city by sampling investigation. 235 new graduates in 2013 were investigated and studied. The results show that the vocational adaptability of nursing graduates in higher vocational colleges is not optimistic, the total score is 140, the average score is 94.80; The characteristics of different graduates have different vocational adaptability: those with formal work are better than those who are informal, those with higher income are better than those with lower income, and urban graduates are better than those from rural areas. The non-only child is superior to the only child. The common causes of occupational maladjustment are fear of clinical mistakes, coldness of colleagues, unfair treatment and disrespect, disconnection between theory and practice, unfamiliar working environment, fear of being scolded by patients and family members, complicated interpersonal relationships, etc. Attention should also be paid to it. In view of the above phenomenon, this paper puts forward some suggestions and countermeasures for the higher vocational nursing specialty education which should help students to set up correct vocational values, to make clear the training goal of higher vocational education, to optimize the curriculum setting, to carry out post education and to help students to set up correct vocational values.
【学位授予单位】：贵州师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：R47-4;G717.38

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