农村父母参与幼儿园教育的现状研究

发布时间：2018-01-02 04:27

本文关键词：农村父母参与幼儿园教育的现状研究　出处：《华中师范大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：学前教育作为一项极其复杂的系统工程,“不是家庭一方面可以单独胜任的,也不是幼稚园一方面能单独胜任的,必定要双方通力合作,方能得到充分的功效。”家庭和幼儿园作为幼儿生活、学习中两个最重要的微观系统,共同承担幼儿教育的责任。父母积极主动参与幼儿园教育活动不仅能使幼儿来自家庭和幼儿园两方面的经验相互补充、相互衔接,更具一致性和连续性,保障幼儿的和谐发展,也可以转变家长教育观念、提升教育能力,促进幼儿园教育质量的提高。而农村学前教育质量的提高更关乎我国整体学前教育质量的发展,因此,对农村幼儿园父母参与的研究具有重要的现实意义。本研究选取沁阳市西向镇4所农村幼儿园中的部分父母与教师进行了研究。对国内外关于家长参与的相关文献进行了检索和梳理,阐述了已有研究的特点及启示。在此基础上,论文分别对人类发展生态学理论、系统论和多元智能理论进行了介绍和分析,试图为本研究提供理论基础。本研究采用了文献法、问卷调查法、访谈法,围绕着父母参与权利、参与态度、参与主体、参与内容、参与方式、参与频率、阻碍父母参与的因素及促进父母参与的相关对策等进行了研究。研究结果表明：(1)农村父母在参与幼儿园教育方面取得了一定的成效,如家长参与受到农村家长与教师的重视；父母参与形式多样化；对家长参与的认识趋于合理。但也存在一些问题,如农村父母参与的权利意识薄弱,边缘化现象严重；父母自我效能感较低且态度消极；参与主体性别结构同质化且祖辈家长参与问题较多；父母与教师关注内容错位；父母参与渠道单一且层次较低；父母参与频率较低等。(2)影响父母参与的因素既有微观层面的父母观念滞后、参与活动实际效果差、孩子数量较多、家庭结构单一或复杂、幼儿园制度缺失与活动经费匮乏等因素,也有来自宏观层面的政府思想上重视不够和行为上引导欠缺等。为此,本研究从家庭、幼儿园和政府三个角度提出了促进农村家长参与幼儿园教育的建议：父母应注重自身观念的更新与提高,积极营造父亲参与幼儿园教育的良好氛围,并与教师树立平等沟通的合作关系；幼儿园应完善父母参与的制度与组织建设,着力提升教师-农村父母间的参与意识与参与能力,增强父母参与形式的丰富性与适宜性；政府则应完善家长参与幼儿园教育的相关法规建设,建立健全涵盖父母参与的园所帮扶与评价机制。
[Abstract]:As a very complicated system project, pre-school education is not something that the family can do alone or kindergartens can do on the one hand. Both sides must cooperate with each other. In order to achieve full effectiveness. "the family and kindergarten as a child life, learning in the two most important micro system. Parents actively participate in kindergarten education activities can not only make children from the family and kindergarten two aspects of experience to complement each other, more consistent and continuous. Ensuring the harmonious development of children can also change the parents' educational concept and improve their educational ability. The improvement of the quality of pre-school education in rural areas is related to the development of the quality of preschool education in China as a whole. Therefore, the research on the participation of parents in rural kindergartens is of great practical significance. This study selected some parents and teachers in 4 rural kindergartens in Xixiang Town, Qinyang City, and searched and combed the related literature about parents' participation at home and abroad. On the basis of this, the theory of human development ecology, the theory of system and the theory of multiple intelligences are introduced and analyzed respectively, in order to provide a theoretical basis for this study. This study adopts the methods of literature, questionnaire, interview, around parents' right to participate, attitude of participation, main body, content, way and frequency of participation. The factors hindering parents' participation and the related countermeasures to promote parental participation were studied. The results show that: 1) Rural parents have achieved certain results in participating in kindergarten education, such as parents and teachers attached importance to parents' participation in rural areas; Diversity of forms of parental participation; The awareness of parental participation tends to be reasonable, but there are also some problems, such as the weak awareness of the right of participation of parents in rural areas and the serious marginalization phenomenon; Low self-efficacy and negative attitude of parents; The gender structure of the participants is homogenized and the problems of the parents' participation are more; Parents and teachers pay attention to content dislocation; The parents' participation channel is single and the level is lower; Parents' participation frequency is lower. 2) the factors that affect parents' participation include the lag of parents' concept at the micro level, the poor actual effect of participating activities, the large number of children, and the single or complex family structure. There are some factors, such as the lack of kindergarten system and the lack of funds for activities, as well as the lack of attention and guidance of the government from the macro level and so on. Therefore, this study from the family, kindergarten and government three angles to promote rural parents to participate in kindergarten education proposals: parents should pay attention to their own concept of renewal and improvement. Actively create a good atmosphere for fathers to participate in kindergarten education, and establish a cooperative relationship of equal communication with teachers; Kindergarten should perfect the system and organization construction of parents' participation, promote the participation consciousness and ability between teachers and rural parents, and enhance the richness and suitability of parents' participation. The government should perfect the related laws and regulations of parents' participation in kindergarten education, and establish and improve the support and evaluation mechanism of parents' participation in the kindergarten.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：G616

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