户外建构游戏的安全问题与对策

发布时间：2018-06-01 03:15

本文选题：安吉游戏 + 户外建构游戏　；参考：《湖南师范大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：户外建构游戏既有户外游戏开放、自由、运动的属性,又有建构游戏中幼儿动手探索、操作体验的乐趣,它向幼儿提供了探索周围环境的机会,向幼儿提出了运动能力和心智能力的挑战,具有强烈的刺激性和挑战性,在幼儿健康成长的过程中占有重要的地位。然而,正是户外建构游戏的独特性引发了担忧——幼儿的安全是否能够得到保障?幼儿园应开展丰富多彩的户外游戏和体育活动,必须把保护幼儿的生命和促进幼儿的健康放在工作的首位。那么,如何在挑战与安全之间寻找一个平衡点,给幼儿创设一个支持冒险、挑战、探索的安全环境呢?近年来,安吉游戏日益受到广泛的关注,而户外建构游戏是其最具有代表性的游戏形式。为此,本研究选择安吉县某幼儿园作为基地,通过运用观察法、访谈法、案例分析考察户外建构游戏安全的现状及其影响因素,并提出相应的优化策略,以期为幼儿园游戏实践提供一些有益启示。本研究主要从安全问题表现、安全问题成因及风险规避方式三个方面来描述安吉户外建构游戏的总体状况,研究发现:第一,安吉户外建构游戏安全问题主要表现为:1.户外建构游戏区域中,低结构的建构最容易出现危险情境;2.危险情境不存在年龄班差异、性别差异;3.户外建构游戏中的已发危险的伤害类型差异明显,其中跌落是最容易发生的伤害;4.游戏过程中发生的危险事件,伤害程度存在显著差异,约89%都是轻伤,不影响幼儿正常游戏;第二,安吉户外游戏安全问题成因主要是幼儿自身因素,环境材料因素居次。幼儿自身因素占到75%,主要表现为幼儿预知潜在风险的能力相对欠缺、运动技能与运动意愿之间的失配。第三,户外建构游戏中的风险规避主要靠幼儿完成,自我解决问题是幼儿规避风险的主要形式。由此可见,我们应从幼儿的自我保护与教师的合理保护关系、危险的利与弊、风险的偶然性与必然性三个方面辩证的看待建构游戏的安全问题。安吉游戏的实践经验丰富,户外建构游戏的安全理念和举措有很多值得学习。1.形成科学的游戏安全观,变消极保护为积极促进;2.安全责任落实到行动之中,安全教育具有切实的针对性;3.建立相互信任的师幼关系、家园关系,共同保障户外游戏的安全性。
[Abstract]:Outdoor constructional games have the properties of open, free and moving, and the fun of children's hands-on exploration and operation experience in constructing games, which provides children with the opportunity to explore the surrounding environment. The challenge of motor ability and mental ability to children has strong stimulation and challenge, which plays an important role in the process of children's healthy growth. However, it is the uniqueness of outdoor construction games that raises concerns about whether the safety of young children can be guaranteed? The kindergarten should carry out rich and colorful outdoor games and sports activities, and must put the protection of children's lives and the promotion of children's health in the first place of work. So, how to find a balance between challenge and security, and create a safe environment for children to support adventure, challenge and exploration? In recent years, Angie game has been paid more and more attention, and outdoor construction game is its most representative game form. Therefore, this study selected a kindergarten in Anji County as the base, through the use of observation method, interview method, case analysis to investigate the status quo of outdoor construction game safety and its influencing factors, and put forward the corresponding optimization strategy. In order to provide some beneficial enlightenment for kindergarten game practice. This study mainly describes the overall situation of Anji outdoor construction game from three aspects: security problem, security problem cause and risk aversion mode. The main findings are as follows: first, the security problem of Anji outdoor construction game security is mainly expressed as: 1. In the outdoor construction game area, the low structure construction is most likely to appear the dangerous situation. There was no age class difference in the risk situation, but there was no gender difference. There are significant differences in the types of damage in outdoor construction games, in which fall is the most likely injury. There were significant differences in the degree of injury between the dangerous events in the course of games, about 89% of them were minor injuries, which did not affect the normal games of children. Secondly, the safety of Anji outdoor games was mainly caused by children's own factors, and the environmental materials were the second. Children's own factors account for 75, mainly for the children's ability to predict the potential risk is relatively lacking, the mismatch between motor skills and sports will. Thirdly, risk aversion in outdoor construction game mainly depends on children. Self-solving problem is the main form of risk avoidance. Therefore, we should dialectically treat the safety problems of constructing games from three aspects: the self-protection of children and the reasonable protection of teachers, the advantages and disadvantages of danger, and the contingency and inevitability of risk. Anji game practice is rich in experience, outdoor construction of game safety concepts and measures have a lot to learn. 1. Form a scientific concept of game security, changing negative protection into a positive promotion. The responsibility of safety is put into practice, and safety education has practical pertinence. Establish mutual trust between teachers and children, home relations, together to ensure the security of outdoor games.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G613.7

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