语言能力发展的基

发布时间：2018-11-29 11:56

【摘要】：我们生活在一个充满声音的世界里,研究显示儿童在学校有80%的时间是在倾听中度过的。倾听对于幼儿的语言能力、阅读能力和人际交往等方面有重要的意义。听说读写密不可分,倾听是幼儿语言能力发展的基础。但是目前学校重视读写能力甚于倾听能力,教师对儿童缺乏直接的倾听教导,对于如何具体指导幼儿倾听也没有很好的参考和借鉴。研究表明倾听能力是一种可以被传授的技能,幼儿期是形成良好倾听行为的关键时期。根据已有研究,倾听能力的培养要从三方面着手:一是告知幼儿、并示范良好的倾听行为;二是培养幼儿的注意力,三是直接教授倾听的策略。鉴于此,根据幼儿的能力特征,本文选取了大班幼儿做研究对象,进行为期两个月的行动研究:一是通过直接示范、告知幼儿、在情境中体验等方式让幼儿知晓良好的倾听行为,二是通过猜测声音、听声音做动作等活动训练幼儿的注意力,三是通过听故事、听画等活动直接教授倾听的策略。研究结果表明:本次实践对幼儿教师及幼儿都产生了积极影响。教师更加重视倾听行为本身以及对幼儿倾听能力的培养;幼儿有了明显的倾听意识,倾听行为有了良好的转变,懂得基本的倾听规则,理解倾听的内容,学学会了倾听的技巧,社交技能也有所发展。根据研究结果,本文也提出相应的建议。要提高幼儿的倾听能力,应该开发相关领域的教材,转变教师对于倾听的态度,在多样化的情境中个性化评价,创建适宜的倾听环境,充分利用听故事提高倾听能力,提高幼儿的注意力、记忆力、理解能力及词汇量。
[Abstract]:We live in a world full of voices and research shows that children spend 80% of their time in school listening. Listening plays an important role in children's language ability, reading ability and interpersonal communication. Listening, speaking, reading and writing are inseparable, listening is the foundation of the development of children's language ability. But at present, the school pays more attention to reading and writing ability than listening ability, teachers lack direct listening teaching to children, and there is no good reference and reference for how to guide children to listen. The study shows that listening ability is a skill that can be taught, and early childhood is the key to forming good listening behavior. According to the previous studies, the cultivation of listening ability should be carried out from three aspects: first, to inform young children and demonstrate good listening behavior; second, to cultivate children's attention, and third, to teach listening strategies directly. In view of this, according to the ability characteristics of young children, this paper selects the large class children as the research object, carries on the action research for two months: first, through the direct demonstration, informs the young children, Experience in the situation and other ways to let children know good listening behavior, the second is to train children's attention through activities such as guessing sound, listening to sound doing action, and the third is to directly teach listening strategies by listening to stories, listening to pictures and other activities. The results show that: this practice has a positive impact on preschool teachers and children. Teachers pay more attention to listening behavior itself and the training of children's listening ability; Children have a clear sense of listening, listening behavior has a good change, understand the basic listening rules, understand the content of listening, learn listening skills, social skills have also developed. According to the research results, this paper also puts forward the corresponding suggestions. In order to improve children's listening ability, we should develop teaching materials in related fields, change teachers' attitude towards listening, individualize evaluation in various situations, create appropriate listening environment, and make full use of stories to improve listening ability. Improve children's attention, memory, understanding and vocabulary.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G613.2

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