加德纳艺术教育思想研究

发布时间：2018-12-27 11:45

【摘要】：霍华德·加德纳(Howard Gardner),世界著名教育学家、发展心理学家,凭借“多元智能理论”闻名于世。艺术教育思想是加德思想体系中的主要组成部分,他珍视艺术、重视艺术为人的发展所带来的潜能,以“在心理学领域为艺术谋取一席之地”为己任,致力于将艺术教育推向更受关注和重视的地位上。加德纳将艺术与学术紧紧交织,视艺术与艺术教育作为重要的研究对象,参与了诸如“零点项目”等教育研究。在认知心理学与艺术符号论的基础上建立了自己的艺术教育思想体系。加德纳将艺术定义为一种“主体间的符号交流”,强调在艺术教育中“人”这一主体的作用,划分四种艺术参与角色解释艺术的发生过程,用“三个系统”体系解释儿童艺术发生的机制,并用“倒U曲线”表示儿童艺术发展规律,加德纳尊重儿童的艺术潜能,重视儿童的艺术发展,他对于艺术、儿童以及儿童艺术的认识成为了其艺术教育思想的重要前提与基础。在艺术教育中,加德纳提倡“为理解而教”的教育目标,提出艺术教育内容的选择需考虑在于“精”而不在于“多”,认为采用“螺旋式课程”模式更适用于艺术教育内容的组织实施。加德纳提出适用于艺术教育的“领域专题法”与“过程作品集”。提倡“师徒制”为主的艺术教育方式,并强调,比起关注结果,艺术教育更应关注于过程。采用“情景化评估”模式,将评估在日常的状态下自然地发生。对艺术教育的教师问题,加德纳也提出以专业要求筛选艺术教育教师,应实现艺术教育教师专业化。加德纳的艺术教育思想对我国儿童艺术教育实践带来了有益启示,笔者从“积极的儿童观” “智慧的教师观”以及“人本的教育观”三个层面进行思考,提出适用于我国当前儿童艺术教育实践的启示与建议。
[Abstract]:Howard Gardner, a world-famous educator and developmental psychologist, is famous for his theory of multiple intelligences. The thought of art education is the main part of Garde's thought system. He cherishes art, attaches importance to the potential that art brings to human development, and takes "seeking a place for art in the field of psychology" as his duty. Committed to the art education to more attention and attention to the status. Gardner takes art and art education as important research objects and participates in educational research such as "Zero Point Project". On the basis of cognitive psychology and art symbolism, the author establishes his own artistic education thought system. Gardner defines art as a kind of "symbol exchange between subjects", emphasizes the role of "human" as the subject in art education, and divides four kinds of art into the process of role interpretation. The "three systems" system is used to explain the mechanism of the occurrence of children's art, and the "inverted U curve" is used to express the law of children's artistic development. Gardner respects the children's artistic potential and attaches importance to the children's artistic development. The understanding of children and their art has become the important premise and foundation of their art education thought. In art education, Gardner advocated the educational goal of "teaching for the sake of understanding", and suggested that the content of art education should be chosen by "fine" rather than "more". It is suggested that the "spiral curriculum" model is more suitable for the organization and implementation of the content of art education. Gardner put forward the Domain Special Law and process works set, which are applicable to art education. The art education should pay more attention to the process than pay attention to the result. Using the "situational assessment" model, the evaluation will occur naturally in a daily state. Gardner also suggested that teachers of art education should be selected according to their professional requirements, and that teachers of art education should be professionalized. Gardner's thought of art education has brought beneficial enlightenment to the practice of children's art education in our country. The author thinks from three aspects: "positive view of children", "view of intelligent teacher" and "view of humanistic education". The enlightenment and suggestion for the practice of children's art education in our country are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G610

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