福建茶树品种选育现状及其对茶产业的推动作用分析

发布时间：2018-11-07 17:05

【摘要】：通过分析福建茶树品种资源搜集保护与利用、茶树育种目标的变迁与品种选育、育成品种来源与茶类适制性、品种对产业推动和茶类贡献及茶农增效等概况,结果表明:福建茶树品种资源丰富,已搜集保护与利用品种资源或育种材料7 000多个;随着早生、高产到优质育种目标的变迁,现已育成品种45个,其中35.6%的品种适制乌龙茶、红茶和绿茶,26.7%的品种适制白茶,具有多茶类适制和转制茶类灵活的优势;茶树良种的陆续育成及其配套栽培技术的普及与推广,促进了茶园面积的增长、茶叶单产的提高和茶类结构的优化,进而推动福建茶产业的快速发展;并对今后福建茶树资源搜集、多元化和个性化特色育种、良种推广和茶类加工等进行了展望。
[Abstract]:Based on the analysis of the collection, protection and utilization of tea variety resources in Fujian, the changes of tea breeding objectives and variety selection, the origin of tea varieties, the suitability of tea varieties, the contribution of tea varieties to industry, and the increasing efficiency of tea farmers, etc. The results showed that the variety resources of tea trees in Fujian were abundant, and more than 7 000 varieties or breeding materials had been collected, protected and utilized. With the change of breeding goal from early growth to high yield to good quality, 45 varieties have been developed, of which 35.6% are suitable for oolong tea, 26.7% for black tea and green tea, and 26.7% for white tea. It has the advantages of multi-tea type suitable for making and transforming tea class flexible; The continuous development of tea varieties and the popularization and popularization of related cultivation techniques have promoted the increase of tea garden area, the improvement of tea yield and the optimization of tea structure, thus promoting the rapid development of Fujian tea industry. The collection of tea resources in Fujian Province, the breeding of diversified and individualized characteristics, the extension of improved varieties and the processing of tea were prospected.
【作者单位】：福建省农业科学院茶叶研究所;福建省农业厅;
【基金】：国家农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-23) 福建省科技计划项目——省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项(2014R1012-9,2011N3030)
【分类号】：F326.12;S571.1

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