双渠道供应链环境下最优库存水平确定研究

发布时间：2018-04-17 12:20

本文选题：双渠道供应链 + 马尔可夫链　；参考：《燕山大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着信息技术的高速发展,基于互联网的电子商务日益受到重视,越来越多的企业开始在传统零售渠道的基础上开辟网络直销渠道,采用双渠道供应链的方式来销售产品。在双渠道供应链环境下,当某一渠道缺货时,顾客可能会选择到另一渠道购买产品,这增加了顾客需求的不稳定性,进而使得企业的库存控制风险越来越大,因此需要根据制造商和零售商的库存策略,重新确定其在双渠道供应链环境下的最优库存水平。本文根据双渠道供应链的特点,以排队论和马尔可夫链等相关理论为依据,首先,构建了双渠道供应链排队系统模型,根据该排队系统的均衡状态概率,得到制造商和零售商的平均库存水平和缺货概率等数量指标的表达式,为建立双渠道供应链最优库存水平模型提供了依据;其次,建立了双渠道供应链的最优库存水平模型,根据双渠道供应链排队系统模型得到的数量指标表达式,对双渠道供应链的库存成本进行研究,提出了双渠道供应链的库存成本计算公式,并以成本最小化为原则确定了制造商和零售商的最优库存水平,为确定双渠道供应链环境下制造商和零售商的最优库存水平提供了方法和手段。本文最后以河北宇众机械制造有限公司为例,通过Matlab数值仿真对该方法进行了验证,并得出在分散式库存控制模式和集中式库存控制模式下制造商和零售商存在最优库存水平,且通过对比发现集中式库存控制下的双渠道供应链的总成本低于分散式库存控制模式下的总成本。该研究可以有效降低双渠道供应链系统的库存成本,提高其运营效率,为研究双渠道供应链的库存策略提供参考。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of information technology, E-commerce based on Internet has been paid more and more attention. More and more enterprises begin to open up network direct marketing channels on the basis of traditional retail channels, and use the way of two-channel supply chain to sell products.In the dual-channel supply chain environment, when one channel is out of stock, the customer may choose to buy products from another channel, which increases the instability of customer demand, and makes the risk of inventory control of the enterprise more and more serious.Therefore, according to the inventory strategy of manufacturers and retailers, the optimal inventory level in the two-channel supply chain environment should be redetermined.According to the characteristics of the double channel supply chain, based on the queuing theory and Markov chain theory, this paper first constructs the queuing system model of the double channel supply chain, according to the equilibrium state probability of the queuing system.The expressions of average inventory level and stock-out probability of manufacturers and retailers are obtained, which provide the basis for establishing the optimal inventory level model of double-channel supply chain. Secondly, the optimal inventory level model of double-channel supply chain is established.According to the quantitative index expression of the double channel supply chain queuing system model, the inventory cost of the double channel supply chain is studied, and the calculation formula of the double channel supply chain inventory cost is put forward.Based on the principle of cost minimization, the optimal inventory level of manufacturer and retailer is determined, which provides a method and means for determining the optimal inventory level of manufacturer and retailer in the dual-channel supply chain environment.Finally, taking Hebei Yuzhong Machinery Manufacturing Co., Ltd as an example, the method is verified by Matlab numerical simulation, and the optimal inventory level of manufacturers and retailers is obtained under the decentralized inventory control mode and centralized inventory control mode.It is found that the total cost of dual channel supply chain under centralized inventory control is lower than that of decentralized inventory control mode.This study can effectively reduce the inventory cost and improve the operational efficiency of the dual-channel supply chain system, and provide a reference for the study of the dual-channel supply chain inventory strategy.
【学位授予单位】：燕山大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F274

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