基于Pooling思想的末端配送若干问题研究

发布时间：2019-01-07 19:47

【摘要】：随着电子商务的不断发展,消费者不断追求个性化诉求,使得企业收集的订单具有较强的异质性。面对大量的异质性订单,如何实现末端配送是当今电子商务企业能否取得竞争优势的关键。电子商务环境下的末端配送本质上是要解决消费者的分散需求与物流集中规模效应之间的矛盾,然而目前以多个企业单独采用送货上门为主导的配送模式不仅没有发挥聚集效应,而且不能满足消费者多样化末端服务方式的诉求,造成末端配送资源浪费,末端配送效率低、成本高等问题。本文基于Pooling思想,结合当前电子商务环境下的末端配送特征与配送现状,先聚集多个企业的配送订单,再将末端配送订单根据客户特征进行聚类,设计了集送货上门与客户自提于一体的新型末端配送模式。并通过建模对传统分散末端配送模式与基于Pooling思想的集中末端配送模式进行成本比较,分析了基于Pooling思想建立集中末端节点的优势。发现基于Pooling思想构建集中末端节点能改善末端配送环节的送货上门成本、客户自提时的惩罚成本和末端节点的固定建设成本,并且这种成本的改善随着聚集企业数量的增加而增加。最后文章在考虑末端客户差异性的前提下,基于客户满意度和配送成本两个方面,以总成本最小为目标,建立了集中末端节点的选址—路径优化模型,并进行算例分析,验证了模型的有效性。
[Abstract]:With the development of electronic commerce, consumers are pursuing individualized demands, which makes the orders collected by enterprises have strong heterogeneity. In the face of a large number of heterogeneous orders, how to realize terminal distribution is the key to whether e-commerce enterprises can obtain competitive advantage. The essence of terminal distribution in electronic commerce environment is to solve the contradiction between the dispersed demand of consumers and the centralized scale effect of logistics. However, at present, the distribution mode, which is dominated by door-to-door delivery, has not only failed to exert the aggregation effect, but also can not meet the demands of consumers' diversified end-service modes, resulting in waste of terminal distribution resources and low efficiency of end-distribution. Problems such as high cost. Based on the idea of Pooling, combined with the characteristics of terminal distribution and distribution status in the current electronic commerce environment, this paper first aggregates the distribution orders of many enterprises, and then clusters the terminal distribution orders according to the customer characteristics. A new terminal delivery mode is designed, which integrates door-to-door delivery and customer self-delivery. By modeling the cost of traditional distributed terminal distribution mode and centralized terminal distribution mode based on Pooling, the advantages of building centralized terminal node based on Pooling are analyzed. It is found that building centralized terminal node based on Pooling can improve the delivery cost of terminal delivery link, the penalty cost of customer self-collection and the fixed construction cost of terminal node. And this cost improvement increases with the increase in the number of agglomerated enterprises. Finally, on the premise of considering the difference of terminal customers, based on customer satisfaction and distribution cost, taking the minimum of total cost as the goal, a site-path optimization model of centralized terminal nodes is established, and an example is analyzed. The validity of the model is verified.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F713.36;F252

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