后危机时代中国制造业的转型和升级

发布时间：2018-01-04 02:03

本文关键词：后危机时代中国制造业的转型和升级　出处：《上海外国语大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：缺乏可持续性的增长是中国制造业真正的挑战。中国制造业转型和升级面临着诸多长期积累下来的结构性问题，产能过剩、重复建设、低效运作、吸纳再就业能力下降等等。虽然，在危机前中国制造业逐渐意识到这样问题，很多企业试图向产业链两端延伸，但延伸的步伐是赶不上成本提高的速度，“转型”这一被动措施却给很多功能不全的制造企业带来了挑战。我们说，有效经济增长从来都是基于资源优化配置的内生性选择结果。当前政府需要考虑的是如何在纠正资源错配的同时，通过稳步推进市场化改革来释放经济增长动力，而非盲目实施政府支出从而放大投资在经济增长中的作用。政府改革先行是制造业转型和升级成功的前提条件。基于经济学原理，生产关系一定要适应生产力的发展要求。政府必须要改革转型，实现全能型政府向服务型政府转变，将不该管，管不好的事情交给市场（企业），更大程度发挥市场对配置资源的基础作用，，转型和升级需要公平的市场环境，在改革和革命之间，生产关系必须适应生产力的发展，政府和市场(企业)必须找一个契合点。后危机时代的中国制造业不仅面临着内部改革的呼声，还面临着外部经济体的打压，转型和升级是中国制造业的无法回避的问题，同时转型升级也是一个长期而且要持续坚持的过程,只有靠转型升级才能从根本上解决各种矛盾、困难和问题。在这个过程中，新兴技术和新兴产业将始终发挥主导作用，成为传统产业转型升级的重要引擎，我们一定要把握技术进步与创新的方向，通过建立多项技术协同创新的新机制，提升制造业的整体发展水平与质量，并为制造业的未来发展规划出新的技术路径与运营模式。
[Abstract]:The lack of sustainable growth is a real challenge for China's manufacturing industry, which faces a number of structural problems accumulated over a long period of time, such as overcapacity, repeated construction, and inefficient operation. Although before the crisis, China's manufacturing industry gradually realized this problem, many enterprises tried to extend to both ends of the industrial chain, but the pace of extension is not keeping up with the pace of rising costs. The passive measure of "transformation" has brought challenges to many incomplete manufacturing enterprises. We say that effective economic growth has always been the result of endogenous choices based on optimal allocation of resources. What the current government needs to consider is how to correct the mismatch of resources at the same time. To release the economic growth power through the steady promotion of market-oriented reform. Instead of blindly implementing government expenditure to amplify the role of investment in economic growth, government reform is a prerequisite for the success of the transformation and upgrading of manufacturing industry. The relations of production must adapt to the demands of the development of productive forces. The government must reform and transform, realize the transformation of omnipotent government to service-oriented government, and hand over to the market (enterprise) the things that should not be managed and those that are not well managed. To a greater extent, the market plays a fundamental role in the allocation of resources. The transformation and upgrading need a fair market environment. Between reform and revolution, the relations of production must adapt to the development of productive forces. The government and the market must find a point of convergence. The post-crisis era of China's manufacturing industry is not only facing the voice of internal reform, but also facing the pressure of external economies, transformation and upgrading of China's manufacturing industry is an unavoidable problem. At the same time, transformation and upgrading is also a long and persistent process, only by transformation and upgrading can we fundamentally solve all kinds of contradictions, difficulties and problems. In this process, emerging technologies and emerging industries will always play a leading role and become an important engine for the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries. We must grasp the direction of technological progress and innovation. Through the establishment of a new mechanism of multi-technology collaborative innovation, the overall development level and quality of manufacturing industry are improved, and a new technology path and operation mode are planned for the future development of manufacturing industry.
【学位授予单位】：上海外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F424

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