汽车底盘生产线设备改造项目的质量与风险管理方法研究应用

发布时间：2018-01-31 11:42

本文关键词： 质量管理 QFD 风险管理 FMEA 生产线改造总装　出处：《上海交通大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：中国乘用车市场正日趋成熟,消费者的消费趋向也已经从刚开始追求简单而大空间的车转向各种多元化差异需求。随之而来,汽车生产线改造以适应新产品满足消费需求变得越来越频繁。在我国直到2000年前一款车型的换代周期约为10 15年,而现今一款新车的生命周期只有2 3年。在国内一个新总装车间建设成本约为20亿元(主要是设备和土建),这导致没有一个汽车公司愿意新建生产线来实现产品的升级换代,于是通过对现有生产线改造来完成新产品部署,就成为一个更加切实合理的手段。在总装生产线改造项目中,企业通常对于项目关注度最高的是项目质量和项目风险两个方面影响原因很简单,理由是生产线改造项目投资一般不会超过亿元,因此成本并不是企业关注点,重要的是如何在原有生产线基础上快速和高质量的实现项目目标,保证生产平稳推进。遗憾的是现有生产线改造项目管理由于缺少有效管理方法,一直采用粗放式的管控或者让承包商自制,显然无法满足这类项目的质量要求,同样也很难有效规避风险,所以建立起一套能够合适汽车企业质量和风险管理的体系对汽车生产线项目实施科学化管理。本文以总装生产线改造为研究对象,在项目质量控制和策划方面进行详细的分析、讨论,并引入QFD工具对各个内部用户不同质量需求进行评价和整合,使用层次分析法计算各个质量需求的重要度,最终构建质量屋,满足各方需求,实现项目质量规划;在项目风险管理上,系统的对总装生产线改造项目中的风险进行识别、分析、评估、应对,引入FMEA管理工具对风险进行量化计算,建立风险清单,有效控制和规避项目风险。上述研究成果已经在上海大众Model H GP CS车型总装生产线改造项目质量和风险管理中得到具体的应用。实践证明本研究提出的质量和风险管理方案能够充分适应生产线改造项目的特点能够实现项目质量全面超越历史同类改造项目,项目风险全面得到监控的成果。本研究成果可以为生产线项目管理提供有效指导,对同类的项目具有一定借鉴作用。
[Abstract]:The Chinese passenger car market is maturing day by day, the consumer's consumption trend has already turned from the pursuit of the simple and large space vehicle to the various diversity difference demand. Automobile production lines to adapt to new products to meet consumer demand has become more and more frequent. In our country until 2000, the replacement cycle of a model is about 10 to 15 years. The life cycle of a new car is only 2 to 3 years. The cost of building a new assembly shop in China is about 2 billion yuan (mainly equipment and civil construction). This led to no car company willing to build new production lines to achieve product upgrading, so through the existing production lines to complete the deployment of new products. It becomes a more practical and reasonable means. In the reconstruction project of assembly line, the enterprise usually pays the most attention to the project quality and project risk two aspects of the impact reason is very simple. The reason is that the investment of the production line transformation project will not exceed 100 million yuan, so the cost is not the focus of the enterprise. What is important is how to achieve the project goal quickly and high-quality on the basis of the original production line. Ensure smooth progress of production. Unfortunately, due to the lack of effective management methods, the existing production line renovation project management has been using extensive control or self-control by the contractor, obviously unable to meet the quality requirements of such projects. It is also very difficult to effectively avoid risk, so establish a suitable quality and risk management system for automotive production line project scientific management. In the project quality control and planning aspects of detailed analysis, discussion, and the introduction of QFD tools to each internal user of different quality requirements for evaluation and integration. Using analytic hierarchy process to calculate the importance of each quality demand, the final construction of quality house, to meet the needs of all parties, to achieve project quality planning; In the project risk management, the risk identification, analysis, evaluation, response, introduction of FMEA management tools to the risk quantitative calculation, the establishment of risk list. Effective control and avoidance of project risk. The above research results have been used in Model H-GP of Shanghai Volkswagen. The project quality and risk management of CS car assembly line have been applied in practice. It has been proved that the quality and risk management scheme proposed in this study can fully adapt to the characteristics of the product line transformation project and realize the project. The quality completely surpasses the history similar transformation project. The research results can provide effective guidance for production line project management and can be used for reference to similar projects.
【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F426.471;F273;U468

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