我国石油企业经营效率国际比较研究

发布时间：2018-03-31 03:38

本文选题：石油企业　切入点：经营效率　出处：《中国石油大学(华东)》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：石油石化行业是我国经济发展的重要推动力和支柱产业。自1998年石油石化行业重组以来,石油企业打破了原有的上下游分割的行业垄断,组建了以地区划分的上下游一体化集团公司:中国石油、中国石化和中国海油。随着三大石油集团公司的成功上市,原有的企业性质发生了根本性改变,由原有的政府附属的生产单位转变为市场经济的竞争主体,经营理念也转向股东利益最大化。此外,我国作为世界贸易组织成员国,将逐步实行贸易自由化,扩大市场准入水平,使国内石油石化市场转变成为国际市场,三大石油集团公司将面临跨国石油公司的直接挑战。如何改变现有的经营模式和理念,走向国际市场,获得国际竞争优势是三大石油集团公司十分紧迫的任务。本文以21家国内外《财富》世界500强企业为研究对象,运用熵值-Topsis法、超效率DEA模型和Malmquist指数分别从财务指标、生产效率和全要素生产率三个角度对我国石油企业的经营效率进行了国际比较。首先,根据相关文献和指标体系构建原则,构建了财务指标和投入产出指标。其次,运用熵值-Topsis法对财务指标赋权值,计算出综合财务绩效,并从盈利能力、偿债能力、营运能力和成长能力和综合财务绩效等方面对石油企业进行评价。再次,采用超效率DEA模型对石油企业综合效率横向评价,并将其分解为纯技术效率和规模效率;运用Malmquist指数法对石油企业全要素生产率(TFP)及其分解项:技术进步、纯技术效率和规模效率等方面进行纵向评价。最后,结合以上三个角度的分析结论,总结出我国石油企业经营效率中存在的问题,并定性的分了其效率低下的原因,最后对我国石油企业经营效率的提升提出政策建议。
[Abstract]:Petroleum and petrochemical industry is an important driving force and pillar industry in China's economic development. Since the restructuring of petroleum and petrochemical industry in 1998, oil enterprises have broken the original monopoly of the upstream and downstream industries. Established the upstream and downstream integration group companies divided by region: PetroChina, Sinopec and China Sea Oil. With the successful listing of the three major oil groups, the nature of the original enterprises has undergone a fundamental change. As a member of the World Trade Organization, China, as a member of the World Trade Organization, will gradually implement trade liberalization. Expanding the level of market access and transforming the domestic petroleum and petrochemical market into an international market, the three major oil group companies will face direct challenges from multinational oil companies. How to change the existing business model and concept and move to the international market, It is an urgent task for the three major oil group companies to obtain the international competitive advantage. In this paper, 21 Fortune 500 companies at home and abroad are taken as the research objects, and the super-efficiency DEA model and Malmquist index are used to analyze the financial indexes, respectively, using the entropy value-Topsis method. This paper makes an international comparison of the operational efficiency of Chinese petroleum enterprises from the perspectives of production efficiency and total factor productivity. Firstly, according to the principles of construction of relevant literature and index system, the financial index and input-output index are constructed. Using entropy value-Topsis method to calculate the comprehensive financial performance, and evaluate the oil enterprises from the aspects of profitability, solvency, operation ability and growth ability and comprehensive financial performance. The comprehensive efficiency of petroleum enterprises is evaluated horizontally by super-efficiency DEA model, which is decomposed into pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency, and the total factor productivity (TFP) of petroleum enterprises and its decomposition term: technological progress are analyzed by using Malmquist index method. Finally, combined with the above three analysis conclusions, summed up the existing problems in the efficiency of our country's petroleum enterprises, and qualitatively divided the reasons for its low efficiency. Finally, some policy suggestions are put forward to improve the operating efficiency of petroleum enterprises in China.
【学位授予单位】：中国石油大学(华东)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F426.22

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