基于非径向方向距离函数的我国火电行业生态效率研究

发布时间：2018-04-04 04:31

本文选题：火电行业　切入点：生态效率　出处：《南京航空航天大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：电力行业是我国重要的能源工业，是国民经济的基础。在我国电源结构中，火力发电是电力产业的主要构成，无论是装机容量还是发电量，火电所占的比例都超过了七成。目前火电行业正面临着亏损的危机，经营压力持续上升，而且火电能源消耗大、浪费严重且发电过程中会对环境造成污染，这些都与现阶段中国建设“资源节约型、环境友好型”社会的要求相悖。由于生态效率概念综合地考虑了经济与环境双重因素，因此，本文首先基于非径向方向性距离函数构建了火电行业生态效率评价模型，使用我国28个省市2007-2011年的面板数据，测度了火电行业的生态效率状况，然后在此基础上考虑区域技术差异基于共同前沿模型对火电行业的区域生态效率水平进行评估和比较，实证研究结果表明：第一，，我国火电行业的生态效率整体水平不高，从不同方向向量计算结果的平均值可知，生态效率至少有33.4%的提升潜力，证明在火电发展历程中，由于没有充分利用资源和先进的技术，火电行业的生态效率没有得到明显的改善。第二，各区域火电行业生态效率水平的差异比较明显，经济发达的地区往往高于欠发达的地区，在共同前沿下，四个地区由高到低是：东部-中部-西部-东北；而在区域前沿下却呈现出东北-中部-西部-东部的另一种完全不同的发展格局。测算结果表明东部地区处于全国的最优技术水平上，而东北地区与全国最优水平差距最大，并且有进一步拉大的趋势。第三，在三组方向向量中，通过比较发现，在第三组向量下，即维持经济水平不变降低生态压力，所得的效率值除了东北地区外普遍低于前两组，表明火电行业的迅速发展是建立在有损生态环境的基础上。因此整个火电行业通过降低污染和能耗来提高生态效率有较大的空间，所以在火电行业进行环境规制是可行的。
[Abstract]:The electric power industry is the important energy industry of our country, is the foundation of the national economy.In the power supply structure of our country, thermal power generation is the main component of electric power industry, whether it is installed capacity or electricity generation, the proportion of thermal power is more than 70%.At present, the thermal power industry is facing a crisis of loss, the operating pressure continues to rise, and thermal power consumption is large, wasteful and will pollute the environment during the power generation process. These are all "resource-conserving" types of construction in China at this stage.The demands of an environmental-friendly society run counter to each other.Because the concept of ecological efficiency synthetically considers the dual factors of economy and environment, firstly, based on the non-radial directional distance function, the evaluation model of ecological efficiency of thermal power industry is constructed, and the panel data of 28 provinces and cities in China from 2007 to 2011 are used.This paper measures the ecological efficiency of thermal power industry, and then evaluates and compares the regional ecological efficiency level of thermal power industry based on the common frontier model considering the regional technical differences. The empirical results show that:First, the overall level of ecological efficiency of thermal power industry in China is not high. From the average of the results of vector calculation in different directions, we can see that ecological efficiency has at least 33.4% potential for improvement, which proves that in the course of thermal power development,Because of insufficient utilization of resources and advanced technology, the ecological efficiency of thermal power industry has not been significantly improved.Secondly, the difference of ecological efficiency level of thermal power industry in different regions is obvious. The economically developed areas are often higher than the underdeveloped areas. Under the common frontier, the four regions are from high to low: eastern-central-west-northeast;However, there is a completely different development pattern between northeast-central-west-east under the regional frontier.The results show that the eastern region is at the national optimal technical level, while the Northeast region has the biggest gap with the national optimal level, and has a trend of further expansion.Third, in the three groups of direction vectors, it is found by comparison that under the third group vector, that is, keeping the economic level unchanged and reducing the ecological pressure, the efficiency value obtained is generally lower than that of the former two groups except in the Northeast region.It shows that the rapid development of thermal power industry is based on damaging the ecological environment.Therefore, the whole thermal power industry by reducing pollution and energy consumption to improve the ecological efficiency has a larger space, so it is feasible to regulate the environment in the thermal power industry.
【学位授予单位】：南京航空航天大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F424.1;F426.61

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