缅甸和中国之间的能源合作：缅甸的视角

发布时间：2018-04-24 09:38

本文选题：缅中 + 能源合作　；参考：《山东大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着世界经济的高速发展,各国在能源方面的需求也越来越大。缅甸国内具有丰富的石油、天然气、水电和矿产等资源,又占据重要的战略地理位置,因此在能源合作方面,缅甸受到包括中国、美国、加拿大、印度和东盟等国家和地区的广泛关注。对于缅甸而言,受美国经济制裁和国内资本、技术等的限制,与外国公司开展能源合作开发是必然选择；对中国而言,经济规模的膨胀导致油气能源消费剧增,中国的油气能源严重依赖进口,与周边国家开展能源合作势在必行。在此背景下,缅中能源合作项目不断取得重大进展。目前已经建成投产的缅中油气管道等项目已经给两国带来了收益,但是也遭遇了不少阻力。因为缅中能源合作不仅是两国之间的纯粹的贸易合作和投资问题,它还涉及到能源安全、经济发展、环境保护等重大政治和经济利益。缅中能源合作是缅甸和中国两国之间以及与第三方势力博弈的结果,如果处理不当将会对未来的缅中油气合作带来不利影响。具体来讲,缅中能源合作一方面受到缅甸国内的“民地武”等不安全因素的影响,致使进行中的项目有被搁置的危险；另一方面也受到美国、印度和东盟等外部因素的影响。因此,要想使缅中两国从能源合作中获得的经济、政治等收益,就需要两国政府和公司在合作过程中考虑上述因素的影响,在缅中能源合作过程中不但要与当地政府搞好关系,更要关注当地民众的利益诉求,尊重其风俗习惯,以便缅中能源合作项目在当地能够得以顺利进行；缅中两国在处理外部因素的影响时,应当遵守国际原则,尽量做到公平竞争,以大局为重。总之,缅中能源合作对缅甸与中国两国的政治、经济和社会发展都是有利的。但今后缅中能源合作能够发展到何种层次,在一定程度上依赖于缅中两国政府正确规避风险、化不利因素为有利因素,以及共同协调、化解合作中存在的问题和制约因素。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of the world economy, the energy demand of various countries is increasing. Myanmar is rich in oil, natural gas, hydropower and mineral resources, and occupies an important strategic geographical position. Therefore, in energy cooperation, Myanmar is under the influence of China, the United States, and Canada. India and ASEAN and other countries and regions of widespread concern. For Myanmar, due to US economic sanctions and restrictions on domestic capital and technology, it is inevitable to develop energy cooperation with foreign companies. For China, the expansion of its economy has led to a sharp increase in oil and gas energy consumption. China's oil and gas energy is heavily dependent on imports, and energy cooperation with neighboring countries is imperative. In this context, Myanmar-China energy cooperation projects continue to make significant progress. Projects such as the Myanmar-China oil and gas pipeline, which have been built and put into production, have brought benefits to the two countries, but have also encountered considerable resistance. Because energy cooperation between Myanmar and China is not only a purely trade and investment issue between the two countries, but also involves major political and economic interests such as energy security, economic development, environmental protection, and so on. The energy cooperation between Myanmar and China is the result of the game between Myanmar and China and with the third party forces. If not handled properly, it will have a negative impact on the future oil and gas cooperation between Myanmar and China. Specifically, on the one hand, the energy cooperation between Myanmar and China is affected by insecurity factors such as "civilian and earth weapons" in Myanmar, which results in the ongoing projects being put on hold; on the other hand, they are also affected by external factors such as the United States, India and ASEAN. Therefore, in order to obtain economic, political and other benefits from energy cooperation between Myanmar and China, it is necessary for the governments and companies of the two countries to take into account the influence of the above-mentioned factors in the process of cooperation. In the process of energy cooperation between Myanmar and China, not only do they have good relations with the local governments, It is even more important to pay attention to the interests of the local people and respect their customs and habits so that the energy cooperation projects between Myanmar and China can be carried out smoothly in the region. In dealing with the influence of external factors, the two countries should abide by international principles. Try to be fair and take the overall situation as important as possible. In short, energy cooperation between Myanmar and China is beneficial to the political, economic and social development of Myanmar and China. However, the level of energy cooperation between Myanmar and China in the future depends to a certain extent on the Myanmar and Chinese governments to correctly avoid risks, turn unfavorable factors into favorable factors, and jointly coordinate to resolve the existing problems and constraints in cooperation.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F426.2;F433.7

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