基于绿色电价计算方法的火电与清洁能源电力的经济性比较分析

发布时间：2018-05-24 08:17

本文选题：清洁能源 + 外部性　；参考：《上海交通大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：能源在国民经济发展过程中起到极其重要的作用,但能源的生产使用同时具有正面与负面效应,为了保护环境并实现可持续发展就必须正确的认识能源的两面性,避免为了短期利益或局部利益而采取不当的措施。电力是能源的主要消费形式,但任何一种发电模式,如火电、水电、核电、风电以及太阳能发电等,包括它们的电厂建设,燃料的开采、转化和运输,发输电以及废弃物处理等整个能源链上的各个不同环节,都会向自然环境和社会产生负面影响。但现行的发电价格核算方式中仅考虑了基于建造和运行的企业内部成本,而没有考虑发电活动造成的资源损耗和环境污染等社会成本。同时,在对不同的能源结构发电形式作全面客观的经济性评价时,仅考虑发电环节是不全面分的。在任何一种能源链的各个环节中都会对其完整的经济性产生影响,因此应该从最初的资源开发开始,把开采、运输、转换、废物处理等作为一个完整的能源循环链进行分析研究。利用生命周期分析方法,对能源链每个环节的经济性进行全面的定量分析,可以更准确地估算出不同形式的电力生产的经济性。本文基于经济学中外部性概念,在参考绿色GDP核算方法的基础上,通过技术手段分析不同发电模式所造成的外部问题,并定量计算其发电活动的外部成本,尝试将能源发电价格绿色化,以建立更科学的能源价格的核算方法。在计算不同发电模式绿色价格的基础上,结合当前电价相关政策,分析现行政策对于促进清洁能源的发展有何不足之处。并在此基础之上提出对于发展清洁能源的若干建议。
[Abstract]:Energy plays a very important role in the development of national economy, but the production and use of energy has both positive and negative effects. In order to protect the environment and achieve sustainable development, we must correctly understand the dual nature of energy and avoid improper measures for short-term interests or local interests. Power is the main energy dissipation. But any type of power generation, such as fire electricity, hydropower, nuclear power, wind power, and solar power generation, including their power plant construction, fuel exploitation, transformation and transportation, transmission and waste disposal, will have a negative impact on the natural environment and society. The accounting methods only consider the internal cost of the enterprise based on construction and operation, without considering the social costs such as resource loss and environmental pollution caused by power generation activities. At the same time, in the comprehensive and objective economic evaluation of different energy structure power generation forms, only the generation link is not fully divided. In any energy chain, the cost of power generation is not fully divided. Each link will have an impact on its integrity, so we should start from the initial development of resources, analyze the exploitation, transportation, conversion and waste disposal as a complete energy cycle chain. The economy of different forms of electricity production is estimated accurately. Based on the concept of economics and foreign countries, based on the green GDP accounting method, this paper analyzes the external problems caused by different power generation modes by means of technical means, and calculates the external cost of the power generation activities, and tries to build the energy generation price green to build the electricity generation price. On the basis of calculating the green price of different power generation modes and combining the current tariff related policies, this paper analyzes the shortcomings of the current policy on promoting the development of clean energy and puts forward some suggestions on the development of clean energy.
【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F426.61

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