世界铁矿石贸易网络结构特征及演进分析

发布时间：2018-07-28 21:47

【摘要】：国际铁矿石贸易系统是一个复杂的系统，铁矿石资源在贸易主体间的流动形成了国际铁矿石贸易网络。使用复杂网络的方法进行研究，不仅能够反映贸易主体对铁矿石的供需状况，而且可以对铁矿石贸易网络进行描述，了解其结构特征，分析贸易主体在铁矿石贸易中的角色地位。本文首先对世界铁矿石资源现状、供需结构、贸易格局、贸易方式等进行分析，发现当前世界铁矿石贸易呈现由澳大利亚、巴西、印度等国家向中国、日本、欧盟等国家和地区输送的贸易格局。在此基础上，通过对国际铁矿石贸易市场的抽象，应用复杂网络理论构建了国际铁矿石贸易网络，从小世界属性、无标度特征、贸易主体角色和地位等角度对国际铁矿石无权贸易网络的结构特征进行分析。发现其具有较短的平均路径长度，但集聚系数不大，，不具备小世界属性；使用度分布测算出铁矿石贸易网络不是典型的无标度网络，进口贸易比出口贸易更具有异质性；用中心性指标判断无权贸易网络节点的角色地位，发现世界上的大多数铁矿石进出口国在贸易网络中占据中心地位。以铁矿石贸易量作为权重，构建国际铁矿石加权贸易网络，并对其强度分布、集聚系数进行分析。结果显示，加权贸易网络同样不是典型的无标度网络，且群聚性较差。对铁矿石贸易网络进行核心边缘结构分析发现，铁矿石出口大国澳大利亚、巴西、印度和进口大国中国、日本均长期处于网络核心区域，半边缘区域国家不多，大多数贸易国处于边缘区域。本文国际铁矿石贸易网络的研究源于我国所面临的铁矿石需求激增、国内矿山供给不足、国外矿商垄断市场的现实矛盾。通过研究世界铁矿石贸易网络，得出了其结构特征和结构形态，以期能够对我国铁矿石进口战略提供一定参考。
[Abstract]:The international iron ore trading system is a complex system, and the flow of iron ore resources among the main trading bodies forms the international iron ore trade network. The method of complex network can not only reflect the supply and demand of iron ore, but also describe the structure of iron ore trade network. This paper analyzes the role of the main body of trade in iron ore trade. This paper first analyzes the current situation of iron ore resources in the world, the structure of supply and demand, the structure of trade, the pattern of trade, and so on. It is found that the current world iron ore trade is coming from Australia, Brazil, India and other countries to China, Japan, etc. European Union and other countries and regions transport trade pattern. On this basis, by abstracting the international iron ore trade market and applying the complex network theory, the paper constructs the international iron ore trade network. This paper analyzes the structural characteristics of the international iron-ore unauthorized trade network from the perspective of the role and position of the main body of trade. It is found that iron ore trade network is not a typical scale-free network, and import trade is more heterogeneous than export trade. It is found that most of the iron ore importing and exporting countries in the world occupy the central position in the trade network by using the central index to judge the role of the nodes in the unauthorized trade network. Taking the iron ore trade volume as the weight, the international iron ore weighted trade network is constructed, and its intensity distribution and agglomeration coefficient are analyzed. The results show that the weighted trade network is not a typical scale-free network, and the clustering is poor. An analysis of the core marginal structure of the iron ore trading network shows that Australia, Brazil, India and China, as well as Japan, have been in the core of the network for a long time, while there are not many countries in the semi-marginal regions. Most trading countries are on the fringes. The research of the international iron ore trade network in this paper originates from the sharp increase of iron ore demand in our country, the shortage of domestic mine supply, and the realistic contradiction of foreign miners monopolizing the market. Based on the study of the world iron ore trade network, the structural characteristics and structural forms of the network are obtained in order to provide a reference for China's iron ore import strategy.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F416.1;F746

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