中国稀土贸易政策研究
发布时间：2018-08-17 10:05
【摘要】：稀土是21世纪重要的战略资源,它有多种用途,尤其是发展高新技术的关键元素和国防军事工业的重要原材料。稀土之于中国,犹如石油之于中东、铁矿石之于澳大利亚,但中国稀土却没能掌握定价权；国家实施稀土出口配额管制以来,在国际市场上面对着巨大的舆论压力；政策的不完善,也导致国内市场产生配额倒卖、黑市交易等违法行为。这些问题亟待解决,因此研究中国稀土出口贸易情况,具有重要的现实和战略意义。 文章的主体内容分为七部分。首先从世界稀土资源的储量及分布情况入手,了解到其他国家也有稀土矿山,但实际开采量非常小,甚至不开采,中国几乎承担着供应全世界稀土的角色。第二部分从中国稀土产业的发展出发,通过对中国稀土产业及世界其他国家的稀土产业的介绍,进一步阐述中国稀土产业存在的问题,并根据稀土产业现状总结出制约中国稀土产业发展的因素。第三,用具体数据阐释全球稀土供给和需求的现状,得出我国虽然是世界稀土第一大国,供应世界绝大部分稀土需求,但实际上我们出口贸易本身也存在弊端,例如定价权缺失,贸易秩序混乱等。第四部分分析了中国目前稀土政策。第五部分根据贸易政策的内容,就中国稀土政策对出口贸易的影响进行了分析。通过对出口数量、金额及价格的数据得出中国主要稀土政策对国内出口贸易和国际稀土市场的影响巨大。第六部分,从企业的角度出发,分析了我国稀土行业政策对企业的具体影响。根据前六部分对稀土行业的整体分析和对我国稀土政策的研究,得出我国稀土行业和稀土政策该如何健康有序发展的建议及策略。 回顾我国稀土产业发展之路,面对日益严峻的国内外市场形势,特别是国外大型矿山陆续开采及WT0败诉对我国稀土行业的冲击,我们应该站在国家的战略高度,重新对我国稀土产业的发展做一番定位思考。
[Abstract]:Rare earth is an important strategic resource in the 21st century. It has many applications, especially the key elements of developing high and new technology and the important raw material of national defense and military industry. Rare earths are to China what oil is to the Middle East, iron ore is to Australia, but China's rare earths have failed to grasp the pricing power. Imperfect policies also lead to domestic market quota resale, black market transactions and other illegal acts. These problems need to be solved urgently, so it is of great practical and strategic significance to study China's rare earth export trade. The main content of the article is divided into seven parts. Starting with the reserves and distribution of rare earth resources in the world, we know that there are rare earth mines in other countries, but the actual production is very small, even if it is not exploited, China almost assumes the role of supplying rare earths all over the world. The second part from the development of rare earth industry in China, through the introduction of rare earth industry in China and other countries in the world, to further explain the problems of rare earth industry in China. The factors restricting the development of rare earth industry in China are summarized according to the present situation of rare earth industry. Third, using specific data to explain the current situation of global rare earth supply and demand, it is concluded that although China is the largest rare earth country in the world and supplies most of the world's rare earth demand, in fact, our export trade itself also has drawbacks. For example, the lack of pricing power, trade order chaos and so on. The fourth part analyzes China's current rare earth policy. The fifth part analyzes the impact of China's rare earth policy on export trade according to the content of trade policy. Based on the data of export quantity, amount and price, it is concluded that China's main rare earth policies have a great impact on domestic export trade and international rare earth market. In the sixth part, the author analyzes the influence of the rare earth industry policy on the enterprises from the point of view of enterprises. According to the whole analysis of the rare earth industry in the first six parts and the research on the rare earth policy of our country, the suggestions and strategies on how to develop the rare earth industry and the rare earth policy in our country in a healthy and orderly manner are obtained. Looking back on the road to the development of rare earth industry in our country and facing the increasingly severe market situation at home and abroad, especially the impact on the rare earth industry of our country caused by the successive mining of large foreign mines and the defeat of WT0, we should stand at the strategic level of our country, Re-think of the development of rare earth industry in China.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F426
本文编号：2187267
[Abstract]:Rare earth is an important strategic resource in the 21st century. It has many applications, especially the key elements of developing high and new technology and the important raw material of national defense and military industry. Rare earths are to China what oil is to the Middle East, iron ore is to Australia, but China's rare earths have failed to grasp the pricing power. Imperfect policies also lead to domestic market quota resale, black market transactions and other illegal acts. These problems need to be solved urgently, so it is of great practical and strategic significance to study China's rare earth export trade. The main content of the article is divided into seven parts. Starting with the reserves and distribution of rare earth resources in the world, we know that there are rare earth mines in other countries, but the actual production is very small, even if it is not exploited, China almost assumes the role of supplying rare earths all over the world. The second part from the development of rare earth industry in China, through the introduction of rare earth industry in China and other countries in the world, to further explain the problems of rare earth industry in China. The factors restricting the development of rare earth industry in China are summarized according to the present situation of rare earth industry. Third, using specific data to explain the current situation of global rare earth supply and demand, it is concluded that although China is the largest rare earth country in the world and supplies most of the world's rare earth demand, in fact, our export trade itself also has drawbacks. For example, the lack of pricing power, trade order chaos and so on. The fourth part analyzes China's current rare earth policy. The fifth part analyzes the impact of China's rare earth policy on export trade according to the content of trade policy. Based on the data of export quantity, amount and price, it is concluded that China's main rare earth policies have a great impact on domestic export trade and international rare earth market. In the sixth part, the author analyzes the influence of the rare earth industry policy on the enterprises from the point of view of enterprises. According to the whole analysis of the rare earth industry in the first six parts and the research on the rare earth policy of our country, the suggestions and strategies on how to develop the rare earth industry and the rare earth policy in our country in a healthy and orderly manner are obtained. Looking back on the road to the development of rare earth industry in our country and facing the increasingly severe market situation at home and abroad, especially the impact on the rare earth industry of our country caused by the successive mining of large foreign mines and the defeat of WT0, we should stand at the strategic level of our country, Re-think of the development of rare earth industry in China.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F426
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