华为有限公司知识积累的国际化战略研究

发布时间：2018-09-01 17:23

【摘要】：在知识经济时代，后发现代化的国情使得中国企业的国际化发展面临着前所未有的挑战。以往的新古典经济学将企业看成是价格机制协调下的最优化生产主体，却无法解释现实世界企业之间巨大的差异以及企业成长的动因。自上世纪90年代起，大量的有关行业内企业利润大于行业间企业利润的实证研究促使企业竞争力的外生性解读逐渐被企业内生成长的观点所替代。本文的分析框架建立在以资源、知识、能力为基础的企业内生成长理论之上，在知识全球化时代，国际化更是企业积累其知识技术的必经之路。针对华为有限公司(以下简称“华为”)的具体案例，本文总结了华为有限公司在国际化路径中知识积累的相关战略举措，及其保持知识优势的相关措施，为我国广大的中小民营企业的国际化发展提供借鉴。文章首先对主流的企业成长理论、跨国公司理论、以及企业国际化理论进行了概述和评论，将跨国公司的成长看成是企业内资源、知识、能力为不断积累增长的一个过程，确定了跨国公司通过国际化知识积累形成其所有权优势并保持其可持续竞争优势的分析框架。接下来，通过回顾通讯产业发展特点以及华为国际化现状及其成长历史，以258理论为分析框架，解析了华为国际化知识积累的战略与战略实施。在战略上，华为通过渐进式的国际化路径，采取了先后五个阶段进行其知识积累；在实施上，华为的核心技术战略与市场战略保证了全球研发体系的推进。最终，积累起来的核心知识能力通过企业治理和企业文化加以保障，维系了华为的可持续竞争优势。由于华为的飞速发展，其在知识积累国际化战略中的人力资源，核心技术，，股权激励以及企业文化方面存在诸多问题，文章针对这些问题提出了其保持国际化优势的相关建议。并根据文章的理论框架，总结出华为成功的内外部经验启示，对于中国民营企业的国际化战略发展、实现可持续竞争优势具有指导意义。
[Abstract]:In the era of knowledge economy, the international development of Chinese enterprises is facing unprecedented challenges due to the national conditions of the latecomer modernization. In the past, the neoclassical economics regarded the enterprise as the optimal production subject under the coordination of the price mechanism, but could not explain the huge difference between the enterprises in the real world and the motive of the growth of the firm. Since the 1990s, a large number of empirical studies about the profit of enterprises in the industry are larger than the profits of inter-industry enterprises, which makes the extrinsic interpretation of the competitiveness of enterprises gradually replaced by the view of endogenous growth of enterprises. The analytical framework of this paper is based on the endogenous growth theory of enterprises based on resources, knowledge and ability. In the era of knowledge globalization, internationalization is the only way for enterprises to accumulate their knowledge and technology. In view of the specific case of Huawei Co., Ltd (hereinafter referred to as "Huawei"), this paper summarizes the relevant strategic measures of Huawei Co., Ltd.'s knowledge accumulation in the international path, as well as the relevant measures to maintain its knowledge advantage. To provide reference for the international development of small and medium-sized private enterprises in China. Firstly, this paper summarizes and comments on the mainstream theories of enterprise growth, transnational corporations and internationalization, and regards the growth of transnational corporations as a process of continuous accumulation of resources, knowledge and ability. The analytical framework for multinational corporations to form their ownership advantages and maintain their sustainable competitive advantages through the accumulation of international knowledge is established. Then, by reviewing the characteristics of communication industry, the status quo of Huawei's internationalization and its growing history, and taking 258 theory as the analysis frame, this paper analyzes the strategy and implementation of Huawei's internationalization knowledge accumulation. Strategically, Huawei adopts five stages to accumulate its knowledge through the gradual internationalization path. In implementation, Huawei's core technology strategy and market strategy ensure the advancement of the global R & D system. Finally, the accumulated core knowledge ability is guaranteed by corporate governance and corporate culture, which maintains Huawei's sustainable competitive advantage. Due to the rapid development of Huawei, there are many problems in its strategy of knowledge accumulation and internationalization, such as human resources, core technology, equity incentive and corporate culture. According to the theoretical framework of the article, this paper summarizes the internal and external experience of Huawei's success, which has guiding significance for the internationalization strategy development of Chinese private enterprises and the realization of sustainable competitive advantage.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F272;F426.63

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