煤矿企业技术创新的风险评价及对策研究
发布时间：2018-10-14 09:07
【摘要】：从上个世纪九十年代以来,随着经济的快速增长,我国的煤炭产业也取得了迅猛的发展,煤炭产量连续多年保持全球第一。但在煤炭产业飞速发展的背后,煤矿企业的安全事故也是接连不断,事故的发生带来了严重的社会影响,制约了煤炭产业的健康稳定发展。近几年来,党和政府高度重视煤矿安全,通过企业重组和兼并来提高煤矿企业的集约化程度,并且制订了相应地法规政策,以保障煤矿企业的安全生产。这些措施虽然取得了一定的效果,但未从根本上改变煤炭安全生产状况。分析其原因主要是由于煤矿企业技术创新水平的落后,缺乏相应的技术创新意识与理念,没有配套的技术创新风险评价体系,此外,煤矿安全生产是一个复杂的系统工程,在运行过程中,无法避免地受到各种风险影响因素的干扰。因此研究设计一套适合于煤矿企业技术创新的风险评价指标体系与评价模型,提出更具针对性、合理性、可行性的对策建议,这对提升我国煤矿企业技术创新能力,改善煤矿安全具有非常现实的理论意义。 论文在查阅相关的文献资料和实地调研的基础上,通过研究国内外技术创新的现状,归纳出煤矿企业技术创新的现状及存在的风险问题,构建评价指标体系时,按照技术创新风险影响因素的识别方法和识别过程,结合指标体系的设计原则,全面分析了影响煤矿企业技术创新风险的五大类因素,即人员因素、技术因素、资金因素、管理因素和市场因素,并对各影响因素进行了详细分析,建立了包含科技研发人员实力等25个风险影响因素的评价指标体系。运用层次分析-模糊综合评价法构建了煤矿企业技术创新风险评价模型。通过确定评价指标体系各层影响因素的权重分配和综合评价矩阵,结合风险评价等级表计算得出煤矿技术创新风险评价的综合得分,并依据得分确定煤矿企业技术创新水平的高低。 为了验证评价模型的可行性,以山西A煤矿为研究案例,构建了A煤矿技术创新风险评价指标体系和评价模型,计算得出该煤矿技术创新的风险综合得分为72.28。据此可知该煤矿技术创新风险等级为“较强”,即抵御风险的能力较强。在评价过程中,识别和发现煤矿技术创新过程中存在的风险问题和隐患,针对这些风险问题给出了提升和改善技术创新能力的对策建议。 通过科学的构建煤矿技术创新风险评价指标体系和评价模型,为相关部门进行风险评价提供了较为全面系统的理论参考。结合层次分析和模糊综合评价法,运用定性分析和定量研究相结合的方式,研究煤矿技术创新的风险影响因素,有利于全面掌握煤矿企业的技术创新能力,进而保障煤矿企业的安全生产,更具实用价值。
[Abstract]:Since the 1990s, with the rapid economic growth, China's coal industry has also made rapid development, coal production for many years to maintain the first in the world. But behind the rapid development of coal industry, the safety accidents of coal mining enterprises are also continuous, the occurrence of accidents has brought serious social impact, restricted the healthy and stable development of coal industry. In recent years, the Party and the government attach great importance to the safety of coal mines, through the reorganization and merger of enterprises to improve the degree of intensification of coal mining enterprises, and formulated corresponding laws and regulations to ensure the safety of coal mine production. Although these measures have achieved certain results, they have not fundamentally changed the situation of coal production safety. The reasons are mainly due to the backward level of technological innovation in coal mining enterprises, the lack of corresponding consciousness and concept of technological innovation, and the absence of a supporting risk evaluation system for technological innovation. In addition, the safety of coal mine production is a complex system engineering. In the course of operation, it is unavoidable to be interfered by various risk factors. Therefore, this paper studies and designs a set of risk evaluation index system and evaluation model suitable for technological innovation of coal mining enterprises, and puts forward more targeted, reasonable and feasible countermeasures and suggestions, which will promote the technological innovation ability of coal mining enterprises in China. Improving coal mine safety has very practical theoretical significance. On the basis of consulting relevant literature and field investigation, this paper sums up the present situation and risk problems of technological innovation in coal mine enterprises by studying the present situation of technological innovation at home and abroad, and constructs the evaluation index system. According to the identification method and identification process of influencing factors of technological innovation risk, combined with the design principle of index system, five kinds of factors affecting the risk of technological innovation in coal mine enterprises are analyzed comprehensively, that is, personnel factor, technical factor, capital factor, etc. The factors of management and market are analyzed in detail, and the evaluation index system of 25 risk factors including the strength of R & D personnel is established. The risk evaluation model of technological innovation of coal mine enterprises is constructed by using the method of AHP-fuzzy comprehensive evaluation. By determining the weight distribution and comprehensive evaluation matrix of the influencing factors in each layer of the evaluation index system and combining with the risk evaluation grade table, the comprehensive score of the risk evaluation of coal mine technological innovation is obtained. And according to the score to determine the level of technical innovation in coal mining enterprises. In order to verify the feasibility of the evaluation model, taking Shanxi A coal mine as a case study, a risk evaluation index system and an evaluation model for technological innovation in A coal mine are constructed. The comprehensive risk score of technological innovation in this coal mine is 72.28. According to this, the coal mine technical innovation risk grade is "stronger", that is to say, the ability of resisting the risk is stronger. In the process of evaluation, the risk problems and hidden dangers existing in the process of technological innovation in coal mines are identified and discovered, and the countermeasures and suggestions to improve the ability of technological innovation are put forward in view of these risk problems. Through the scientific construction of coal mine technology innovation risk evaluation index system and evaluation model, it provides a more comprehensive and systematic theoretical reference for relevant departments to carry out risk evaluation. Combining the analytic hierarchy process and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, using the combination of qualitative analysis and quantitative research, this paper studies the risk factors of coal mine technological innovation, which is beneficial to master the technical innovation ability of coal mine enterprises. And then ensure the safety of coal mine production, more practical value.
【学位授予单位】：太原理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F273.1;F426.1
本文编号：2270009
[Abstract]:Since the 1990s, with the rapid economic growth, China's coal industry has also made rapid development, coal production for many years to maintain the first in the world. But behind the rapid development of coal industry, the safety accidents of coal mining enterprises are also continuous, the occurrence of accidents has brought serious social impact, restricted the healthy and stable development of coal industry. In recent years, the Party and the government attach great importance to the safety of coal mines, through the reorganization and merger of enterprises to improve the degree of intensification of coal mining enterprises, and formulated corresponding laws and regulations to ensure the safety of coal mine production. Although these measures have achieved certain results, they have not fundamentally changed the situation of coal production safety. The reasons are mainly due to the backward level of technological innovation in coal mining enterprises, the lack of corresponding consciousness and concept of technological innovation, and the absence of a supporting risk evaluation system for technological innovation. In addition, the safety of coal mine production is a complex system engineering. In the course of operation, it is unavoidable to be interfered by various risk factors. Therefore, this paper studies and designs a set of risk evaluation index system and evaluation model suitable for technological innovation of coal mining enterprises, and puts forward more targeted, reasonable and feasible countermeasures and suggestions, which will promote the technological innovation ability of coal mining enterprises in China. Improving coal mine safety has very practical theoretical significance. On the basis of consulting relevant literature and field investigation, this paper sums up the present situation and risk problems of technological innovation in coal mine enterprises by studying the present situation of technological innovation at home and abroad, and constructs the evaluation index system. According to the identification method and identification process of influencing factors of technological innovation risk, combined with the design principle of index system, five kinds of factors affecting the risk of technological innovation in coal mine enterprises are analyzed comprehensively, that is, personnel factor, technical factor, capital factor, etc. The factors of management and market are analyzed in detail, and the evaluation index system of 25 risk factors including the strength of R & D personnel is established. The risk evaluation model of technological innovation of coal mine enterprises is constructed by using the method of AHP-fuzzy comprehensive evaluation. By determining the weight distribution and comprehensive evaluation matrix of the influencing factors in each layer of the evaluation index system and combining with the risk evaluation grade table, the comprehensive score of the risk evaluation of coal mine technological innovation is obtained. And according to the score to determine the level of technical innovation in coal mining enterprises. In order to verify the feasibility of the evaluation model, taking Shanxi A coal mine as a case study, a risk evaluation index system and an evaluation model for technological innovation in A coal mine are constructed. The comprehensive risk score of technological innovation in this coal mine is 72.28. According to this, the coal mine technical innovation risk grade is "stronger", that is to say, the ability of resisting the risk is stronger. In the process of evaluation, the risk problems and hidden dangers existing in the process of technological innovation in coal mines are identified and discovered, and the countermeasures and suggestions to improve the ability of technological innovation are put forward in view of these risk problems. Through the scientific construction of coal mine technology innovation risk evaluation index system and evaluation model, it provides a more comprehensive and systematic theoretical reference for relevant departments to carry out risk evaluation. Combining the analytic hierarchy process and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, using the combination of qualitative analysis and quantitative research, this paper studies the risk factors of coal mine technological innovation, which is beneficial to master the technical innovation ability of coal mine enterprises. And then ensure the safety of coal mine production, more practical value.
【学位授予单位】：太原理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F273.1;F426.1
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