我国稀土产业缺失定价权的集体行动理论分析
发布时间：2018-12-16 14:37
【摘要】：“中东有石油,中国有稀土。”中国稀土在世界上不仅资源第一,产量第一,应用量第一,而且出口量也是第一。因此,中国稀土在世界稀土市场上起着举足轻重的作用,理应具有稀土市场上的定价权。然而,在中国稀土迅速占领世界市场的同时,中国稀土企业之间却展开着恶性的“中国式竞争”,导致我国稀土产业失去了国际市场上的定价权。本文通过勒纳指数的测量,发现绝大多数年份的勒纳指数值都低于0.5,甚至低至0.1,说明我国稀土产业确实没有定价权。于是,有学者把这种现象叫做“没有定价权的垄断者”或“中国大市场悖论”。那么,关于我国稀土产业失去国际定价权的原因及其对策就成为我国理论界与实践界关注的一个主要问题。 本文通过集体行动理论研究我国稀土产业定价权问题后发现,其实这一悖论是不存在的。根据集体行动理论的核心观点：“除非一个集团中人数很少,或者除非存在强制或其他某些特殊手段以使个人按照他们的共同利益行事,有理性的、寻求自我利益的个人不会采取行动以实现他们共同的或集团的利益。”结合稀土产业的发展情况,本文认为我国稀土产业内是不可能形成集体行动的。因此,缺失定价权也就不难理解了。同时,本文在集体行动理论的基础上,对影响我国稀土产业定价权的原因进行了实证研究。其结论是：稀土企业的个数与企业间的组织成本对稀土产业定价权有负向影响；具有影响力企业所占的份额与政府的稀土政策对稀土产业定价权有正向影响；且稀土企业的个数和具有影响力企业所占的份额是影响稀土产业定价权的两个最重要的因素。 基于上述分析,本文提出了争夺我国稀土产业定价权的政策建议,即：提高稀土行业的准入门槛,减少行业内企业的数量；培植国内乃至国际具有影响力的稀土大企业,在稀土国际市场上形成卡特尔；改革现有的稀土出口配额制度,建立稀土储备制度；对行业内企业实施“选择性激励”,加快稀土产业组织和制度建设；加快稀土产业技术创新,提升稀土产品的附加值。希望通过本文总结提出的政策措施可以为研究我国稀土产业定价权问题提供一定的参考,并促进国内对集体行动理论的进一步研究。
[Abstract]:"there is oil in the Middle East and rare earths in China." China's rare earths are not only the first resource, the first output, the first applied quantity, but also the first export amount in the world. Therefore, Chinese rare earth plays an important role in the world rare earth market, and it should have pricing power in rare earth market. However, while China is occupying the world market rapidly, the Chinese rare earth enterprises have launched a vicious "Chinese competition", which leads to the loss of pricing power in the international market. Through the measurement of Lerner index, it is found that the Lena index of most years is lower than 0.5 or even as low as 0.1, which shows that the rare earth industry in China does not have pricing power. Therefore, some scholars call this phenomenon "monopolist without pricing power" or "China's big market paradox". Therefore, the causes and countermeasures of the loss of international pricing power in China's rare earth industry have become a major issue of concern in the theoretical and practical circles of our country. This paper studies the pricing power of rare earth industry in China by means of collective action theory and finds that this paradox does not exist. According to the core view of the theory of collective action, "unless there is a small number of people in a group, or unless there are coercive or other special means to enable individuals to act in their common interest," Individuals seeking self-interest will not act to achieve their common or group interests. " According to the development of rare earth industry, it is impossible to form collective action in rare earth industry in China. Therefore, the lack of pricing power is not difficult to understand. At the same time, based on the collective action theory, this paper makes an empirical study on the reasons that affect the pricing power of rare earth industry in China. The conclusions are as follows: the number of rare earth enterprises and the organization cost among enterprises have a negative impact on the pricing power of rare earth industry, the share of influential enterprises and the government's rare earth policy have a positive impact on the pricing power of rare earth industry. The number of rare earth enterprises and the share of influential enterprises are the two most important factors affecting the pricing power of rare earth industry. Based on the above analysis, this paper puts forward some policy suggestions for the price fixing power of rare earth industry in China, that is, raising the entry threshold of rare earth industry and reducing the number of enterprises in the industry; To cultivate influential rare earth enterprises at home and abroad to form cartels in the international market of rare earths, to reform the existing quota system for rare earth exports, and to establish a reserve system for rare earths; We should implement "selective incentive" to enterprises in the industry, speed up the construction of rare earth industry organization and system, speed up the technological innovation of rare earth industry, and promote the added value of rare earth products. It is hoped that the policy and measures proposed in this paper can provide some reference for the study of pricing power of rare earth industry in China and promote further research on the theory of collective action in China.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F426
本文编号：2382515
[Abstract]:"there is oil in the Middle East and rare earths in China." China's rare earths are not only the first resource, the first output, the first applied quantity, but also the first export amount in the world. Therefore, Chinese rare earth plays an important role in the world rare earth market, and it should have pricing power in rare earth market. However, while China is occupying the world market rapidly, the Chinese rare earth enterprises have launched a vicious "Chinese competition", which leads to the loss of pricing power in the international market. Through the measurement of Lerner index, it is found that the Lena index of most years is lower than 0.5 or even as low as 0.1, which shows that the rare earth industry in China does not have pricing power. Therefore, some scholars call this phenomenon "monopolist without pricing power" or "China's big market paradox". Therefore, the causes and countermeasures of the loss of international pricing power in China's rare earth industry have become a major issue of concern in the theoretical and practical circles of our country. This paper studies the pricing power of rare earth industry in China by means of collective action theory and finds that this paradox does not exist. According to the core view of the theory of collective action, "unless there is a small number of people in a group, or unless there are coercive or other special means to enable individuals to act in their common interest," Individuals seeking self-interest will not act to achieve their common or group interests. " According to the development of rare earth industry, it is impossible to form collective action in rare earth industry in China. Therefore, the lack of pricing power is not difficult to understand. At the same time, based on the collective action theory, this paper makes an empirical study on the reasons that affect the pricing power of rare earth industry in China. The conclusions are as follows: the number of rare earth enterprises and the organization cost among enterprises have a negative impact on the pricing power of rare earth industry, the share of influential enterprises and the government's rare earth policy have a positive impact on the pricing power of rare earth industry. The number of rare earth enterprises and the share of influential enterprises are the two most important factors affecting the pricing power of rare earth industry. Based on the above analysis, this paper puts forward some policy suggestions for the price fixing power of rare earth industry in China, that is, raising the entry threshold of rare earth industry and reducing the number of enterprises in the industry; To cultivate influential rare earth enterprises at home and abroad to form cartels in the international market of rare earths, to reform the existing quota system for rare earth exports, and to establish a reserve system for rare earths; We should implement "selective incentive" to enterprises in the industry, speed up the construction of rare earth industry organization and system, speed up the technological innovation of rare earth industry, and promote the added value of rare earth products. It is hoped that the policy and measures proposed in this paper can provide some reference for the study of pricing power of rare earth industry in China and promote further research on the theory of collective action in China.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F426
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