钢铁企业物联网技术采纳影响因素及其需求程度研究
发布时间：2019-03-16 19:40
【摘要】：钢铁行业是支持国民经济的重要产业,从建国初期到现在,我国钢铁行业经历了由弱到强的发展变化,至2010年成为真正的钢铁大国。受近年我国经济增速放缓的影响,钢铁需求量大幅下降,多品种、小批量的生产方式成为钢铁企业应对寒冬时期的主要手段。这对钢铁企业生产的准时性、产品质量都提出了较高要求。然而钢铁企业普遍存在的流程长、温度高等特点,导致生产过程控制较难,实现准时化、高品质的生产较为困难。为此,钢铁企业需要借助新的技术手段实现对生产过程的精准控制。继计算机、互联网之后,物联网引领了全球信息产业的第三次革命,该技术引起了各国政府的关注,并被应用于制造业、物流业、医疗卫生等行业,但受成本、技术水平、内外部环境等影响,物联网技术尚未在大范围内得到应用。为探索影响我国钢铁企业采纳物联网技术的主要因素,本文基于技术接受模型探索了物联网技术、企业内部环境、企业外部环境与企业对物联网技术感知有用性和使用行为意向之间的逻辑关系,利用SPSS17.0软件对预调查的数据进行了信度效度分析,修正并建立了最终量表。调研了20家钢铁企业并获取数据,运用结构方程软件AMOS 17.0对研究模型的假设进行了检验。研究发现:外部环境、物联网技术对感知有用性的影响显著,内部环境对感知有用性影响不显著;外部环境中,外部环境中,客户、行业竞争者以及其他行业对该技术的态度对感知有用性影响显著;物联网技术的先进性是企业采纳技术时考虑的重点,经济性和安装复杂性的考虑相对较弱;内部环境中,企业决策者的态度对感知有用性的影响最小。同时,为定量衡量钢铁企业对物联网技术的需求程度,构建了物联网技术需求程度的定量分析模型。首先,基于钢铁企业现状分析得出现场流动性与物联网技术需求程度之间的关联特性,并推荐一种函数表示。然后,从企业生产现场的流动性水平出发,基于精益生产“一个流”的思想,选取工序节拍一致性、工序作业时间稳定性和工序间在制品库存周期这3项指标,采用熵权-TOPSIS法对现场流动性水平进行评价,将评价值代入推荐的函数进而得到钢铁企业对物联网技术的需求程度。最终,通过物与信息流动图对某钢铁企业写实获取数据,验证了该模型的可行性。
[Abstract]:Iron and steel industry is an important industry to support the national economy. From the beginning of the founding of the people's Republic of China to the present, the iron and steel industry of China has experienced the development from weak to strong, and has become a real iron and steel country in 2010. Under the influence of slowing economic growth in China in recent years, the demand for iron and steel has dropped sharply. Many varieties and small batches of production have become the main means for iron and steel enterprises to cope with the cold winter period. This puts forward a higher requirement for the production timeliness and product quality of iron and steel enterprises. However, the common characteristics of iron and steel enterprises, such as long process, high temperature and so on, make it difficult to control the production process, to realize just-in-time and high-quality production. To this end, iron and steel enterprises need new technical means to achieve accurate control of the production process. Following computers and the Internet, the Internet of things has led the third revolution in the global information industry. The technology has attracted the attention of governments and has been used in manufacturing, logistics, health care and other industries, but at cost and technical level. The Internet of things technology has not been applied in a wide range due to the influence of internal and external environment. In order to explore the main factors affecting the adoption of the Internet of things technology in iron and steel enterprises in China, this paper explores the Internet of things technology, the internal environment of the enterprise, based on the technology acceptance model. The logical relationship between the external environment of the enterprise and the perceived usefulness of the Internet of things technology and the use of the behavior intention of the enterprise. The reliability and validity of the pre-investigated data were analyzed by using SPSS17.0 software, and the final scale was revised and established. 20 iron and steel enterprises were investigated and the data were obtained. The hypothesis of the model was tested by structural equation software AMOS 17.0. It is found that the external environment, the Internet of things technology has a significant impact on the perceived usefulness, while the internal environment has no significant impact on the perceived usefulness; In the external environment, the attitude of customers, industry competitors and other industries to the technology has a significant impact on perceived usefulness; The advancement of Internet of things (IoT) technology is the focus of enterprises when adopting technology, and the consideration of economy and installation complexity is relatively weak; in the internal environment, the attitude of enterprise decision makers has the least effect on perceived usefulness. At the same time, in order to quantitatively measure the demand degree of the Internet of things technology in iron and steel enterprises, a quantitative analysis model of the demand degree of the Internet of things technology is constructed. Firstly, based on the analysis of the status quo of iron and steel enterprises, the relationship between on-the-spot liquidity and the technical requirements of the Internet of things is obtained, and a functional representation is recommended. Then, starting from the liquidity level of the enterprise's production site, based on the idea of "one flow" in lean production, this paper selects three indexes, namely, the consistency of working procedures, the stability of working time and the inventory cycle of products in between processes. The entropy weight-TOPSIS method is used to evaluate the liquidity level on the spot, and the evaluation value is substituted into the recommended function, and then the demand degree of the iron and steel enterprises for the Internet of things technology is obtained. Finally, the feasibility of the model is verified by realistically obtaining data from an iron and steel enterprise by moving graph of material and information flow.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F426.31;F270.7
本文编号：2441905
[Abstract]:Iron and steel industry is an important industry to support the national economy. From the beginning of the founding of the people's Republic of China to the present, the iron and steel industry of China has experienced the development from weak to strong, and has become a real iron and steel country in 2010. Under the influence of slowing economic growth in China in recent years, the demand for iron and steel has dropped sharply. Many varieties and small batches of production have become the main means for iron and steel enterprises to cope with the cold winter period. This puts forward a higher requirement for the production timeliness and product quality of iron and steel enterprises. However, the common characteristics of iron and steel enterprises, such as long process, high temperature and so on, make it difficult to control the production process, to realize just-in-time and high-quality production. To this end, iron and steel enterprises need new technical means to achieve accurate control of the production process. Following computers and the Internet, the Internet of things has led the third revolution in the global information industry. The technology has attracted the attention of governments and has been used in manufacturing, logistics, health care and other industries, but at cost and technical level. The Internet of things technology has not been applied in a wide range due to the influence of internal and external environment. In order to explore the main factors affecting the adoption of the Internet of things technology in iron and steel enterprises in China, this paper explores the Internet of things technology, the internal environment of the enterprise, based on the technology acceptance model. The logical relationship between the external environment of the enterprise and the perceived usefulness of the Internet of things technology and the use of the behavior intention of the enterprise. The reliability and validity of the pre-investigated data were analyzed by using SPSS17.0 software, and the final scale was revised and established. 20 iron and steel enterprises were investigated and the data were obtained. The hypothesis of the model was tested by structural equation software AMOS 17.0. It is found that the external environment, the Internet of things technology has a significant impact on the perceived usefulness, while the internal environment has no significant impact on the perceived usefulness; In the external environment, the attitude of customers, industry competitors and other industries to the technology has a significant impact on perceived usefulness; The advancement of Internet of things (IoT) technology is the focus of enterprises when adopting technology, and the consideration of economy and installation complexity is relatively weak; in the internal environment, the attitude of enterprise decision makers has the least effect on perceived usefulness. At the same time, in order to quantitatively measure the demand degree of the Internet of things technology in iron and steel enterprises, a quantitative analysis model of the demand degree of the Internet of things technology is constructed. Firstly, based on the analysis of the status quo of iron and steel enterprises, the relationship between on-the-spot liquidity and the technical requirements of the Internet of things is obtained, and a functional representation is recommended. Then, starting from the liquidity level of the enterprise's production site, based on the idea of "one flow" in lean production, this paper selects three indexes, namely, the consistency of working procedures, the stability of working time and the inventory cycle of products in between processes. The entropy weight-TOPSIS method is used to evaluate the liquidity level on the spot, and the evaluation value is substituted into the recommended function, and then the demand degree of the iron and steel enterprises for the Internet of things technology is obtained. Finally, the feasibility of the model is verified by realistically obtaining data from an iron and steel enterprise by moving graph of material and information flow.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F426.31;F270.7
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