西部能源化工产业增长极群构建研究
发布时间：2019-05-16 04:18
【摘要】：金融危机后,全球经济进入一个超朱格拉周期,复苏道路漫长而艰巨。在此经济转换周期,全球竞争格局改变带动了国际产业链的重新分工,中国东部地区依托良好的发展基础率先加入全球高技术产业制造链中,同时吸收发达国家资产转向劳动力更低廉的东盟国家生产。而西部地区随着成本优势逐渐消失,承接东部转移的劳动力密集型产业机会也越来越少,与此同时,长期过重的产业结构问题开始凸显。效率不高、产能过剩、无序投资、环境污染等多重问题的集中爆发致使西部产业升级进入瓶颈期。经济增长开始减速、外资流入不敌东盟国家,西部产业升级迫在眉睫。本文从西部产业结构出发,首先对西部产业现状进行分析,明晰西部以能源化工产业为主导的产业结构,当前西部产业问题很大一部分来自于能源化工产业,只有解决能源化工产业问题才能实现西部产业的总体升级。因此,本文以能源化工为突破点,在已有能源化工分散增长点的基础上,提出构建能源化工产业增长极群的设想和规划。理论上,本文以增长极理论为主要支撑,在综合前人研究的基础上,提出西部能源化工产业增长极由“点”向“群”发展,建立增长极群。其意义不仅在于多个经济增长点互通实现的巨大影响范围和较强经济带动作用,更在于各极点之间的联接和竞合关系,通过要素互补和区域分工协作,实现各极点在相同或相近产业链上展开分工或不同产业链上的错位发展,打破旧有的僵化的行政区划约束,最终实现区域的一体化均衡发展。为了达到这种目的,本文选择了6个以能源化工为主导产业的省区市,利用主成分分析法分别对各省区内能源化工产业7个细分行业进行综合评价并排序,各省优先发展省内具有比较优势的行业,从而实现各省区的错位发展。陕西省依托煤和石油资源优势,建立大规模石油和煤炭开采基地,大力发展煤制天然气、煤化工、石油化工等产业,主要延伸煤化工、石油化工和盐化工产业链；新疆以石油开采和石油化工为主导,电力、其他化工业为辅；内蒙则以电力为主要方向,建立大规模煤炭基地,保证火力发电的主导优势,重点发展风力、太阳能等新能源发电；甘肃则以煤炭—电力—化工为首位产业,建立多元化的化工体系和大型风力发电系统；青海则依托盐湖资源,大力发展水电,构建“油气—盐化工”、“煤—焦—盐化工”等石油天然气、盐湖化工以及煤化工为一体的联动循环产业链；宁夏依托丰富的煤炭和水资源,大力发展煤化工下游产业,推进“疆煤进宁”,推进能源就地转化。最后,在客观的能源管理上,本文借鉴美国联邦政府能源管理模式,提出建立西部能源化工统筹协调管理机构的设想,为西部打破行政区划分割和实现能源跨省际区域统筹管理提供决策依据。
[Abstract]:After the financial crisis, the global economy entered a super-Jugla cycle, the road to recovery is long and arduous. In this cycle of economic transformation, the change of global competition pattern has led to the re-division of labor in the international industrial chain. Eastern China has taken the lead in joining the global manufacturing chain of high-tech industries on a good basis for development. At the same time, it absorbs the assets of developed countries to produce in ASEAN countries with cheaper labor force. With the gradual disappearance of cost advantages in the western region, there are fewer and fewer opportunities for labor-intensive industries to undertake the transfer of labor-intensive industries in the east. At the same time, the long-term overweight of the industrial structure has become prominent. The concentration of many problems, such as low efficiency, overcapacity, disorderly investment, environmental pollution and so on, leads to the industrial upgrading in the western region into the bottleneck period. Economic growth began to slow down, foreign capital inflows to ASEAN countries, the western industrial upgrading is imminent. Starting from the industrial structure of the western region, this paper first analyzes the present situation of the western industry, and clarifies the industrial structure dominated by the energy and chemical industry in the western region. At present, a large part of the industrial problems in the western region come from the energy and chemical industry. Only by solving the problem of energy and chemical industry can the overall upgrading of western industry be realized. Therefore, this paper takes energy and chemical industry as the breakthrough point, on the basis of the existing decentralized growth point of energy and chemical industry, puts forward the idea and planning of constructing the growth pole of energy and chemical industry. In theory, based on the theory of growth pole and on the basis of previous studies, this paper puts forward that the growth pole of energy and chemical industry in western China develops from "point" to "group" and establishes the growth pole. Its significance lies not only in the great influence range and strong economic driving role of the interworking of multiple economic growth points, but also in the connection and concurrence between the poles, through the complementarity of elements and the cooperation of regional division of labor. To realize the division of labor or misplaced development of each pole in the same or similar industrial chain, break the old rigid administrative division constraints, and finally realize the balanced development of regional integration. In order to achieve this purpose, six provinces, autonomous regions and cities with energy and chemical industry as the leading industry are selected, and the seven subdivided industries of energy and chemical industry in each province are comprehensively evaluated and sorted by principal component analysis (PCA). Each province gives priority to the development of industries with comparative advantages in the province, so as to realize the misplaced development of each province. Relying on the advantages of coal and petroleum resources, Shaanxi Province has established large-scale petroleum and coal mining bases, vigorously developed coal-to-natural gas, coal chemical, petrochemical and other industries, mainly extending the industrial chain of coal chemical industry, petrochemical industry and salt chemical industry. Xinjiang is dominated by petroleum exploitation and petrochemical industry, supplemented by electric power and other chemical industries. Inner Mongolia takes electricity as the main direction, establishes a large-scale coal base, ensures the leading advantages of thermal power generation, and focuses on the development of wind power, solar energy and other new energy generation; Gansu takes the coal-power-chemical industry as the first industry to establish a diversified chemical system and a large-scale wind power generation system. Qinghai relies on salt lake resources, vigorously develops hydropower, constructs "oil, gas-salt chemical industry", "coal-coke-salt chemical industry" and other petroleum and natural gas, salt lake chemical industry and coal chemical industry chain as one of the linkage circular industrial chain. Ningxia relies on rich coal and water resources, vigorously develops the downstream industry of coal chemical industry, promotes "Xinjiang coal into Ning", and promotes the local transformation of energy. Finally, in terms of objective energy management, this paper draws lessons from the energy management model of the federal government of the United States, and puts forward the idea of establishing the overall coordination and coordination management organization of energy and chemical industry in the west. It provides a decision-making basis for breaking the division of administrative divisions and realizing the overall management of energy across provinces.
【学位授予单位】：西安电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F426.7;F426.2
本文编号：2478014
[Abstract]:After the financial crisis, the global economy entered a super-Jugla cycle, the road to recovery is long and arduous. In this cycle of economic transformation, the change of global competition pattern has led to the re-division of labor in the international industrial chain. Eastern China has taken the lead in joining the global manufacturing chain of high-tech industries on a good basis for development. At the same time, it absorbs the assets of developed countries to produce in ASEAN countries with cheaper labor force. With the gradual disappearance of cost advantages in the western region, there are fewer and fewer opportunities for labor-intensive industries to undertake the transfer of labor-intensive industries in the east. At the same time, the long-term overweight of the industrial structure has become prominent. The concentration of many problems, such as low efficiency, overcapacity, disorderly investment, environmental pollution and so on, leads to the industrial upgrading in the western region into the bottleneck period. Economic growth began to slow down, foreign capital inflows to ASEAN countries, the western industrial upgrading is imminent. Starting from the industrial structure of the western region, this paper first analyzes the present situation of the western industry, and clarifies the industrial structure dominated by the energy and chemical industry in the western region. At present, a large part of the industrial problems in the western region come from the energy and chemical industry. Only by solving the problem of energy and chemical industry can the overall upgrading of western industry be realized. Therefore, this paper takes energy and chemical industry as the breakthrough point, on the basis of the existing decentralized growth point of energy and chemical industry, puts forward the idea and planning of constructing the growth pole of energy and chemical industry. In theory, based on the theory of growth pole and on the basis of previous studies, this paper puts forward that the growth pole of energy and chemical industry in western China develops from "point" to "group" and establishes the growth pole. Its significance lies not only in the great influence range and strong economic driving role of the interworking of multiple economic growth points, but also in the connection and concurrence between the poles, through the complementarity of elements and the cooperation of regional division of labor. To realize the division of labor or misplaced development of each pole in the same or similar industrial chain, break the old rigid administrative division constraints, and finally realize the balanced development of regional integration. In order to achieve this purpose, six provinces, autonomous regions and cities with energy and chemical industry as the leading industry are selected, and the seven subdivided industries of energy and chemical industry in each province are comprehensively evaluated and sorted by principal component analysis (PCA). Each province gives priority to the development of industries with comparative advantages in the province, so as to realize the misplaced development of each province. Relying on the advantages of coal and petroleum resources, Shaanxi Province has established large-scale petroleum and coal mining bases, vigorously developed coal-to-natural gas, coal chemical, petrochemical and other industries, mainly extending the industrial chain of coal chemical industry, petrochemical industry and salt chemical industry. Xinjiang is dominated by petroleum exploitation and petrochemical industry, supplemented by electric power and other chemical industries. Inner Mongolia takes electricity as the main direction, establishes a large-scale coal base, ensures the leading advantages of thermal power generation, and focuses on the development of wind power, solar energy and other new energy generation; Gansu takes the coal-power-chemical industry as the first industry to establish a diversified chemical system and a large-scale wind power generation system. Qinghai relies on salt lake resources, vigorously develops hydropower, constructs "oil, gas-salt chemical industry", "coal-coke-salt chemical industry" and other petroleum and natural gas, salt lake chemical industry and coal chemical industry chain as one of the linkage circular industrial chain. Ningxia relies on rich coal and water resources, vigorously develops the downstream industry of coal chemical industry, promotes "Xinjiang coal into Ning", and promotes the local transformation of energy. Finally, in terms of objective energy management, this paper draws lessons from the energy management model of the federal government of the United States, and puts forward the idea of establishing the overall coordination and coordination management organization of energy and chemical industry in the west. It provides a decision-making basis for breaking the division of administrative divisions and realizing the overall management of energy across provinces.
【学位授予单位】：西安电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F426.7;F426.2
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 梁朝晖;;国际经验对我国能源管理机构改革的启示[J];世界经济与政治论坛;2008年01期
，本文编号：2478014
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